"Cover"
"RT-FM-001-09 Jul 2007. prepared by EcoSylva Ltd on behalf of Soil Association Certification Ltd"
,,,"Woodmark Forest Certification Public Report"
"Forest Manager/Owner:",,,"Kaga Forestry Association"
"Forest name: ",,,"Kaga Forestry Association Forest Group Scheme"
"Region and Country:",,,"Hokuriku, Japan"
"Certificate Code:",,,"SA-FM/COC-1439"
"Date of certificate issue:",,,"26th May 2005"
"Date of expiry of certificate:",,,"25th May 2010"
,"Assessment date","Report finalisation date","Woodmark Auditor","Checked by","Approved by"
"MA","1,2/1/2004, 21,22/2/2005","5/26/2005","Shuhei Tomimura Naoya Ogawa","Emily Blackwell","Nicholas Underhay"
"S1","29-30/6/2006","6/3/2007","Shuhei Tomimura Naoya Ogawa","Emily Blackwell","Nicholas Underhay"
"S2","27-28/6/2007","12/11/2007","Shuhei Tomimura Naoya Ogawa","Emily Blackwell","Nicholas Underhay"
"S3","2-3/7/2008","09/12/2008","Shuhei Tomimura Naoya Ogawa","John Rogers","Nicholas Underhay"
"S4"
"Please note that the main text of this report is publicly available on request"
"Woodmark South Plaza Marlborough St Bristol BS1 3NX United Kingdom"
"Telephone (+44) (0) 117 914 2435 Fax (+44) (0) 117 314 5001 "
"Email wm@soilassocation.org ● www/soilassociation.org/forestry"
"Soil Association Certification Ltd Company Registration No. 726903"
"A wholly-owned subsidiary of the Soil Association Charity No. 20686"
"1 Basic Info"
1,"BASIC INFORMATION"
1.1,"Certification Body","Soil Association Woodmark"
"1.1.1","Certificate registration code","SA-FM/COC-1439"
1.2,"Details of forest manager/owner"
"1.2.1","Company name","Kaga Forestry Association"
"1.2.2","Contact person","Mr. Masaaki Shimizu"
"1.2.3","Business address","244, Yo, Nagatani-machi, Komatsu-shi, Ishikawa, 923-0181, Japan"
"1.2.4","Tel","+81-761-46-1341"
"1.2.5","Fax","+81-761-46-1177"
"1.2.5","e-mail","kagafa@lily.ocn.ne.jp"
"1.2.6","web page address","http://www.kaga-shinrin.net/"
"1.2.7","Application information completed by duly authorised representative","Mr. Masaaki Shimizu"
1.3,"Scope of certificate"
"1.3.1","Type of certificate","Group"
"1.3.2","Name(s) of the forest covered by the certificate","Kaga Forestry Association Forest Group Scheme"
"1.3.3","Number of FMUs",120
"1.3.4","Country","Japan"
"1.3.5","Region","Ishikawa prefecture – Komatsu city, Kaga city (former Kaga city and Yamanaka town), Nomi city (area of former Tatsunokuchi town)"
"1.3.6","Latitude","36 degrees 21 minutes North "
"1.3.7","Longitude","136 degrees 29 minutes East"
"1.3.8","Hemisphere","North"
"1.3.9","Forest Zone or Biome","Temperate"
"1.3.10","FSC AAF category/ies","Area (ha)","FSC AAF fee (US$/ha)"
,"SLIMF",,0.0001,0
,"NTFP & Services ",,0.0001,0
,"Conservation of Natural Forests","5,134.00",0.0001,0.5134
,"Community ",,0.001,0
,"Tropical Forest ",,0.002,0
,"Boreal Forest",,0.003,0
,"Temperate Forest","18,679.00",0.004,74.716
,"Plantation","8,578.00",0.005,42.89
"1.3.11","FSC AAF fee (US$)","$128.12"
1.4,"Forest management"
"1.4.1","Type of enterprise","Group"
,"Tenure management","Public(City), Private"
,"Ownership","Public(City), Private"
"1.4.2","Total area (hectares)","32,391 ha"
"1.4.3","Forest Type","Mixed of Plantation and Semi-Natural"
,,"Plantation: approx. 30%, Broadleaf forest: approx. 70%"
"1.4.4","Forest Composition","Broad-leaved dominant"
"1.4.5","Plantation species category","Indigenous"
"1.4.6","Principal Species","Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) "
,,"Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa)"
"1.4.7","Annual allowable cut (cu.m.yr)","37,000 m3"
,"Actual Annual Cut (cu.m.yr)","12,000-13,000m3 (FY2007)"
"1.4.8","Product categories","Round wood / Sawlogs / Sawn wood "
"1.4.9","Point of sale ","Delivered to log market and own sawmill"
"1.4.10","Number of workers – Employees","27 (on 31 Mar 2008)"
"1.4.11","Contractors/Community/other workers",96
"1.4.12","Pilot Project","No"
"1.4.13","SLIMFs - Small","No"
"1.4.14","SLIMFs - Low intensity","No"
"1.4.15","Division of FMUs ","Number","Area"
,"Less than 100 ha",32,"1,934 ha"
,"100 ha – 1000 ha",81,"24,106 ha"
,"1000 ha – 10,000 ha",7,"6,351 ha"
,"More than 10,000 ha ",0
,"Total",120,"32,391 ha"
"1.4.16","Area of forest owned/managed but excluded from scope of certification"
,"Name","Area","Justification"
,"Komatsu area","549.73 ha","Owners have not apply for the group certification."
,"Kaga area","60.75 ha"
,"Yamanaka area","144.93 ha"
,"Tatsunokuchi area","31.60 ha"
,"Former Hakusan FA management area","41,510ha","Management system has not been fully developed because it was merged in 2007."
"2 CARs"
"2.0 CORRECTIVE ACTION REGISTER"
"No.","Std ref","Non-compliance","Grade","Corrective action","Deadline","Observation","Status"
"2005 Main Assessment"
"Condition 2005.1","1.3, 4.2",,"Minor","Safety gear is already provided to the forestry association members. Improved safety gear of the contractors and material production consignees is scheduled for the next year. Nevertheless, there shall be continued efforts to promote use of safety gear thoroughly among forestry association members, and other workers also need to be familiar with the safety equipment.","Usage of safety equipment among forestry association workers shall be checked in the next one year. Also, the forest manager must instruct material production consignees and contractors to use safety equipment. All workers shall be equipped by the second year.","S1 - Guidance are provided with the photographs of safety equipments comprehensively at morning meetings. In addition, the safety training program and check by safety patrol are implemented. Questionnaires of the deployment of safety equipments by each contractor were carried out, and it was found that they have not deployed completely yet. On the site, wearing of the appropriate safety equipments was confirmed. 2007 S2: Expensive safety equipments are provided and/or subsidised. Safety patrol is conducted once or twice a year by each branch office and recorded on a checklist. On-site supervisors confirm safety once a week at minimum. Weekly general morning meeting and monthly group leaders' meeting are conducted at Komatsu and Tatsunokuchi branch, and weekly group leaders' meeting and monthly general safety meeting are conducted at Kaga and Yamanaka branch. Meeting results are fed back to all workers.","Closed"
,,,,,,"Questionnaire on implementation of safety equipments are conducted. The usage rate of safety trousers is low. Instruction is made by oral when workers don't ware safety equipments on site. When condition is not improved instruction is made through manager of contracted companies. Workers interviewed during the surveillance wore appropriate safety equipments. It is required to request contracted workers to ware safety equipment thoroughly. In addition it is desired to make a procedure to check safety equipments thoroughly by themselves with using a checklist. Because improvement was made, this condition is closed, and new Condition 2007.1 is issued. "
"Condition 2005.10","8.3, group 5.6",,"Minor 2006: Raised to Major","Forest managers shall prepare invoices with acquired FM/COC number.","At the time of the acquisition of FM/COC certificate. 2006: 3 months after S1 report finalisation","S1 - Delivery notes printed a certification number are used when logs are delivered from forests to the factory or other companies. Invoices at the point of sale don't have a certification number and the letter of \"FSC-pure\". CAR upgraded to Major 2007 S2: The certification code and 'FSC-pure' is written on invoices. When auditors visit the log market, it was confirmed that appropriate delivery note is used and logs written on the delivery note was separated from others. This condition is closed.","Closed"
"Recommendation 2005.2",1.5,,"Recommendation","Although a written procedure of illegal dumping prevention exists, illegal dumping of waste was observed at the site, thus, regulating and patrolling should be strengthened. ",,"S1 - \"The Precautionary Guideline on Illegal Dumping and Forest Fire\" was created. \"Forest Patrol Report\", which are submitted by the forest products association chiefs on May, and \"The Debrief Report of Patrol\", which are submitted as needed, are applied. Illegal dumping are found in each place, and they address those adequately by using the photographs as evidence. The cooperation with cities have been growing up. The signboards of illegal dumping have been set in each place. ","Closed"
"Recommendation 2005.3",2.1,,"Recommendation","Boundary posts have been placed where group thinning was conducted, however, clearer boundary signs for third parties should be promoted.",,"S1 - They carry forward the clarification of the boundaries at group thinning by utilising \"Support Subsidy for Local Forest Activity\". The plastic stakes are buried in the boundaries. The activity will continue in future. 2007 S2: Clarification of the boundaries at group thinning is continued. It is required in the future that clarification with using GPS and GIS that are planned to be implemented should be conducted. Because progress is made, this recommendation is closed, and new Recommendation 2007.3 is issued on utilisation of GPS and GIS. ","Closed"
"Recommendation 2005.4","5.2, 5.4",,"Recommendation","Utilization of residual material has been promoted. However, as the region has many lacquer ware manufacturing communities, increased utilization of broad-leaved timber for such purposes should be enhanced. ",,"S1 - Zelkova and Japanese oak are sold as precious wood in the market. The slight materials of Japanese oak are sold to the sawdust producer and are used for Siitake mushroom production with mushroom bed. The broadleaf tree woods for wood stove are offered to applicants for free. The provision of the broadleaf timber for woodcraft have not been performed yet, because it is difficult to establish the stable supply system. In addition, residual materials are carried out as much as possible and are exported to China, and are processed to laminated lumber. 2007 S2: A survey on utilisation of broadleaf trees in the region was conducted. Sawdust production and firewood provision are continued. Exportation of residual materials to China is also continued. It is planned by Kaga city's biomass town plan that bark will be used to manufacture pellet for boilers for hot waters at spa. It is required to consider utilisation of broadleaf trees in the dramatically changing market. This recommendation is continued.","Open"
,,,,,,"2008 S3: Sold broad-leaved timber mainly includes obstacle trees for construction. The Motodama sections of keyaki trees are sold in the market set up at the Nata plant, while the Ninotama sections of them are provided for training at the Ishikawa Prefectural Training Institute for Turned Article and Pottery Wheel Techniques. Other sections such as branches are offered as materials for charcoal. Processed materials for garden trees are also brokered. A framework for helping effective use of broad-leaved timber in the region is being arranged through information gathering. Materials for disposable chopsticks are also delivered from the Nata plant. Komatsu city planted lacquer trees in cooperation with Kitaguni Shimbun in March, for which the forest association had carried out ground clearance. They cleared 0.1 ha last fiscal year. This fiscal year, they have cleared 0.7 ha, where 700 broad-leaved trees in seven types will be planted. Efforts for lacquer trees are expanding. "
,,,,,,"During district round-table talks, local residents have expressed concern about how falling overripe broad-leaved trees such as konara oaks should be treated. "
"Recommendation 2005.5",5.3,,"Recommendation","Treatment of residual material along the streamside should be promoted. From a disaster prevention perspective, this is especially necessary for areas where villages exist downstream. ",,"S1 - Residual materials in Kutani were raised up, which were observed last time. They provide the guidance not to leave residual materials around mountain streams.","Closed"
"Recommendation 2005.6","5.6, 6.1, 7.1b, 7.1e, 8.2b, 8.2c, 8.4",,"Recommendation","Usage of environmental checklists, contents of monitoring surveys, such as forest resource survey and vegetation survey, and reflection of their results into management should be observed in the future. ",,"S1 - They perform photography in fixed point plots. The stem analysis at thinning was consigned to the forestry research centre and implemented at seven places. The standard plot survey was carried out in one place where clear-cut was conducted. They use the environmental checklist at operation and discovered one kind of rare plant. The reflection of the environmental assessment and monitoring into forestry operation lacks in concreteness. Subsequent activity is necessary and also publicity of monitoring activity is required. 2007 S2: The result of stem analysis of trees around 40 years old was examined, and it was confirmed that actual volume is not so different from that on yield table. It is needed to examine tree height and diameter also. It is planned to continue the survey and colllect data. Recommendation on forest resource is closed. On the other hand, it was observed on site that there was a risk of soil erosion at the site where work road was constructed along a watercourse. As utilisation of the environmental checklist should be promoted, a new recommendation on this matter is issued.","Closed"
"Recommendation 2005.7","6.5b",,"Recommendation","Buffer zones have been established along permanent streams. The total length is 147km. Development of buffer zones in the future should be obserbed in the future. ",,"S1 - Thinning along mountain stream are operated strongly at group thinning, and buffer zones have been formed sequentially. This activities were identified on the site. A change of vegetation in buffer zone are monitored. There is an example which the intention of the buffer zone establishment came out from a owner, so reaction of positive aspects is bigger. Continued activity is necessary in future. 2007 S2: Creation of buffer zone is continued. Forest owners agree with this effort. Monitoring is conducted at 4 plots. This recommendation is continued. ","Open"
,,,,,,"2008 S3: Fixed-point photography for the buffer zones has been conducted continuously. In the thinned areas, some restoration of understory vegetation is observed even one year after. Fixed-point photography also continues in other areas. "
"Recommendation 2005.8","6.6c, 10.6",,"Recommendation","Chemical products and chemical fertilizers are sold to individuals. Use of chemical products and chemical fertilizers for individual use needs to be reconsidered, and suspension, minimization and use of substitutional products should be encouraged.",,"S1 - Although it has tended to decrease, there is the fertilization by owners. Chemical fertilizer of 2,846kg in total was used in the last year. It is used along the coast mostly, and avoided to be used in river-head area. 2007 S2: 2,870kg of chemical fertiliser was sold and used by indivisuals last year. Maruyama No.1 (N:P:K=10:6:5), Marumori 421(20:10:10), and Chikara No.1(6:4:3). They are used to promote growth to cover remains of branch after pruning. It is planned to continue monitoring of useage in the future. This recommendation is closed.","Closed"
"Recommendation 2005.9","7.4, 8.5",,"Recommendation","Information disclosure to stakeholders has been achieved through area meetings, etc. In the future, public relation activities targeting the general public should be promoted. ",,"S1 - The website was established on March 22, 2005. It is updated once a month. Deferent kinds of public materials were made, for example the information of the annual area meeting, Forest Management Plan (summary version, for the forestry union president version), the brochure (for union members and the public), News Letter of forestry cooperative, the pamphlet of the Network of Kaga's house building, to common the knowledge of new activity with FSC certification. In representative members meeting, every project team announced their activity. ","Closed"
"Recommendation 2005.11 ",9.1,,"Recommendation","Although conservation areas have been mapped, High Conservation Value Forests (HCVFs) also should be mapped.",,"S1 - High Conservation Value Forests (HCVFs) were mapped.","Closed"
"2006 S1"
"No new condition or recommendation was issued."
"2007 S2"
"Condition 2007.1",4.2,"Safety patrol is conducted once or twice a year by each branch office and recorded on a checklist. On-site supervisors confirm safety once a week at minimum. Weekly general morning meeting and monthly group leaders' meeting are conducted at Komatsu and Tatsunokuchi branch, and weekly group leaders' meeting and monthly general safety meeting are conducted at Kaga and Yamanaka branch. Meeting results are fed back to all workers. Questionnaire on implementation of safety equipments are conducted. The usage rate of safety trousers are low. Instruction is made by oral when workers don't ware safety equipments on site. When condition is not improved instruction is made through manager of contracted companies. Workers interviewed during the surveillance wore appropriate safety equipments.","Minor","Forest managers shall develop and implement a procedure to enforce use of safety equipment by workers. Forest managers shall monitor the use of safety equipment.","Third surveillance","Forest managers have had working parties regularly present the reports on implementation of safety equipment. The wearing ratio of safety equipment is calculated for each working party (contractor), and parties with low ratios are being instructed in an emphasized manner. They prepared and have used the job safety checklist since around April. The challenges for safety have been listed for each party. They discuss about these issues in monthly safety meetings, and give instructions as needed. However, interviewed field workers had used safety equipment insufficiently. Implementation of safety equipment in the field should be thoroughly verified.","Closed (see C2008.1)"
,,"It is required to request contracted workers to wear safety equipment. In addition it is necessary to make a procedure to check safety equipments are being used, by using a monitoring checklist. "
"Condition 2007.2",6.1,"Although staff of the forestry association use environmental checklist after operations, it is needed to use the checklist also before operations to assess and monitor impact on environment by operations. ","Minor","Forest managers shall conduct environmenatal impact assessment before operations in addition to after with using envirionmental checklist, and shall incorporate it into operations.","Third surveillance","2008 S3: The environmental checklist has been used before operations for thinning and pruning, and after operations for construction of operational and yarding roads. In the places likely to be affected by soil loss, chips are applied to operational roads, and the environmental assessment sheet is filled out there. The environmental assessment is properly conducted while clearer arrangement of document form such as separation between the preliminary assessment and follow-up checking sections should help better understanding of the records. ","Closed (see R2008.2)"
"Recommendation 2007.3 ",2.1,"Clarification of the boundaries at group thinning is continued. It is required in the future that clarification with using GPS and GIS that are planned to be implemented should conducted. ","Recommendation","Forest managers should consider use of GPS and GIS for clarification of the boundaries at group shinning and promotion of management of forest geoglaphical data.",,"2008 S3: The GIS system was implemented in fiscal year 2007. However, some limitations of GPS stemming from reception and terrain conditions may cause failed measurement or a significant error, hindering proper association with the GPS software. The preliminary phase of ensuring GIS functions poses this major problem. Effective countermeasures have yet to be figured out and remain under review. ","Open"
"Recommendation 2007.4","6.5a","Although policies and procedures on road construction are fully understood, there was a steep work road observed which is constructed along a watercourse because of the restriction of owned land area and geography. Because there is a risk of soil erosion from road surface during heavy rain before the road stabilise at first stage, it is required to observe the policies and procedures more thoroughly.","Recommendation","Forest managers should construct forest road and work road following the policies and procedures on road construction thoroughly.",,"2008 S3: The Considerations with the Construction of Operational Roads document has been prepared. It requires special attention on the gradient of ground surface and soil loss when constructing operational roads. Branches and leaves or cedar bark are laid underground as needed. An environmental assessment is also conducted.","Closed"
"Recommendation 2007.5 ","7.1c","Because intention of forest owners is reflected largely to the method of tree selection, there was a difference of tree selection result between sites. In order to make the targeted forest to produce timber required by market, tree selection method should be re-considered.","Recommendation","Forest managers should re-consider tree selection method at thinning such as forest composition survey before thinning.",,"2008 S3: The criteria for selecting trees to be thinned have been defined. The criteria are designed to prevent selection of trees from varying depending on who selects them. The trees are select by each working party. When selecting the trees, a proper approach consistent with the type or purpose of work, as well as a preliminary survey on forest stands including accurate measurement of tree height, needs to be considered.","Open"
"2008 S3"
"Condition 2008.1",4.2,"Forest managers have had working parties regularly present the reports on implementation of safety equipment. The wearing ratio of safety equipment is calculated for each working party (contractor), and parties with low ratios are being instructed in an emphasized manner. They prepared and have used the job safety checklist since around April. The challenges for safety have been listed for each party. They discuss about these issues in monthly safety meetings, and give instructions as needed. However, interviewed field workers had used safety equipment insufficiently. Implementation of safety equipment in the field should be thoroughly verified.","Minor","Forest managers shall continue to take measures to ensure workers better implement safety equipment. In particular, its implementation in the field shall be thoroughly verified.","Fourth Surveillance",,"Open"
"Recommendation 2008.2 ",6.1,"The environmental checklist has been used before operations for thinning and pruning, and after operations for construction of operational and yarding roads. In the places likely to be affected by soil loss, chips are applied to operational roads, and the environmental assessment sheet is filled out there. The environmental assessment is properly conducted while clearer arrangement of document form such as separation between the preliminary assessment and follow-up checking sections should help better understanding of the records. ",,"Forest managers shall conduct an environmental impact assessment using the environmental checklist before operations, properly record its results, incorporate them into operations, and then check the effect of the feedback. ",,,"Open"
"3 Cert process"
3,"THE CERTIFICATION ASSESSMENT PROCESS"
3.1,"Assessment dates"
,"Pre-assessment dates "
,"11th to13th December 2003"
,"9 sites of Tatsunokuchi, Kumasaka and Imadachi (On 15th November 2002, inspector Tomimura visit Hara, Ikenojou, Nunohashi, Hiyou, Yasutani, Akakura, Bodai and Takigahara during a case study of FSC Japanese standard)"
,"Main Assessment dates "
,"Note: Because documents were not ready for main assessment at the time of site visit in early November, and site visit could not be conducted at a later time as it would become winter in Japan, so site visit was conducted in November and document inspection was conducted in February."
,"1st November 2004"
,"Introductions and discussion of certification process."
,"Explanation by managers of improved issues pointed out at scoping visit"
,"Site visits (Sites which were not visited during scoping visit: Kanagaso Conservation Area of Natural Environment, Suzugatake Conservation Area of Natural Environment) "
,"2nd November 2004"
,"Site visits (Seryo thinning area, Nunohashi monitoring plot, Maruyama monitoring plot, Baba buffer zone, Imadate monitoring plot, Kutani thinning area, Sou monitoring plot, Kashima Forest (out of the scope), Katano Kamoike (wetland under the Ramsar convention; out of the scope)"
,"21st February 2005"
,"Completion of Standard & Checklist and inspection of management documents"
,"22nd February 2005"
,"Completion of Standard & Checklist and inspection of management documents"
,"Inspectors review meeting, scoring and discussion of key issues and non-compliances"
,"Public hearing"
,"Close out meeting presentation of conclusions, discussion of recommendations, discussion of next stages in certification process."
,"Estimate of person days to implement assessment "
,"Pre-assessment: 5 person days "
,"Main assessment: 8 person days"
3.2,"Assessment team"
,"The assessment team consisted of: "
,"1)Shuhei Tomimura "
,"Tomimura is a professional consultant based in Tokyo, and representative of Tomimura Environment Research Office. His professional expertise is in the areas of forest ecology, forest conservation and engineering in the forestry domain. He received his forestry training and diploma from the Forestry Faculty of Kyoto Prefectural University. He also studied forest ecology at the National Forest Research Centre of France. Prior to establishing his own consultancy, Tomimura was employed for 23 years by Asia Air Survey Co., Ltd.. During this time, he acquired extensive international forestry experience in countries such as Morocco, Ivory Coast, Paraguay and Europe. He has also served as a Lecturer in the Ecology Faculty at Toyo College. Tomimura experienced more than 10 FM audits as lead inspector in Japan."
,"2)Naoya Ogawa"
,"Naoya Ogawa participated many FSC certification audits in Japan as a supporter. Ogawa is employed by AMITA Corporation and is the program coordinator for AMITA Corporation's Forest Certification Programme. He majored in forest science and holds a M.S. in agriculture studies from the University of Tokyo, Japan."
,"Team members' c.v.'s are held on file at the Woodmark office."
3.3,"Report Peer review"
,"The Inspection report and draft Woodmark decision was reviewed by a Peer Review Panel consisting of:"
,"1)Dr. Norio Takahashi"
,"Dr. Takahashi is a Professor of Bioenvironment Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University. He currently studies on sustainable management of buna (beech) forest and forest management planning. Dr. Takahashi is a member of many academic societies such as Japan Society of Forest Planning (2005- chairman). He has studied a lot on sugi and buna forests in areas along Japan Sea and publishes many papers. He holds an undergraduate degree from Kyoto Prefectural University and M.S. and Ph.D. from Hokkaido University."
,"2) Dr. Masami Shiba"
,"Dr. Shiba is an Associate Professor of forest management and forest engineering in the Graduate School of Agriculture at Kyoto University. He is currently the head of Kyoto University Ashu Experiment Forest, and in charge of management and administration of sugi forests/forestry in Japan Sea climate zone. Dr. Shiba has published widely on subjects ranging from forest engineering to multi-criteria decision-making. From past professional and academic work, Dr. Shiba is personally knowledgeable about the forests in areas along Japan Sea. He holds an undergraduate degree from Miyazaki University and Ph.D. from Kyoto University."
3.4,"Certification decision"
,"The certification decision was made by:"
,"a Certification Decision Panel consisting of Gus Hellier, Woodmark Certification Manager Forestry; Kevin Jones, Woodmark Programme Manager; Nick Underhay, Soil Association Certification Limited Certification Officer"
3.5,"Rationale for approach to assessment"
,"8 sites were visited during the assessment. The sampling intensity was based on the calculation for a low risk multiple site operation (the square root of the number of sites multiplied by 0.6 equal to 6.6). "
3.6,"Justification for selection of items and places inspected"
,"17 sites were inspected prior to the main assessment. Buna (beech) forest of Suzugatake (800m) was visited during this assessment, in order to evaluate its eligibility as a High Conservation Value Forest (HCVF). At the same time, two sites composed of natural ever-green broad-leaved Sudaji (Red oak) and Tsukubane-gashi (oak sp.) were visited. Although they were outside the scope, valuable nature in the lower basin, such as Kashima forest where pristine Tabunoki (Laurel) forest exists, and Katano Kamoike which is designated as wetland under the Ramsar convention were visited. Inspected sites were diverse in altitude, geological conditions and operations, thus, can be considered as inclusive of all of the representative areas. "
,"Sites inspected include sites subject to management operations such as pruning operations, cleaning, village thinning, main harvest, extraction and new planting; and allowed observation of forest road management work, and natural forest to be protected. Management operations were observed and, interviews were also conducted towards field workers. "
3.7,"Standard"
,"The forest was evaluated using the Soil Association Woodmark International Generic Standard and Checklist. This has been translated into Japanese and circulated through stakeholder consultation. No major comments on the standard have been received. A copy of the modified standard is available on request. A working group is currently working on a national standard, this will be used to update the Woodmark Standard in the future."
,"The group system was evaluated against the Woodmark Group (Multiple Site) Certification Standard and Checklist."
"3.7.1","Adaptations/Modifications to standard"
,"No modification was made."
3.8,"Stakeholder consultation process "
"3.8.1","Summary of stakeholder process"
,"37 consultees were contacted"
,"27 responses were received"
,"Questionnaire was sent on 20th January 2005"
,"Public hearing was held on 22nd February 2005"
"3.8.2","Names and affiliations of people consulted during the evaluation"
,"See Annex 2"
"3.8.3","Summary of main forest stewardship issues raised by stakeholders"
,"Positive Issues"
," The managers are following the spirit of relevant codes of practice, guidelines and agreements."
," I'm aware of the forest area to be part of a rare, threatened or endangered ecosystem."
,"The forest is fundamental to meeting the basic needs of local communities (e.g. subsistence and health)."
," The forest managers make reasonable efforts to employ, and if necessary train, workers from local communities."
," The forest managers make reasonable efforts to employ, and if necessary train, workers from local communities."
," The target forest is not only an economic basis of the local society as a source of forest products, but also an important element to characterize the local landscape. Appropriate management of the forest helps tourism industry based on hot spas, as well as contributes to maintain and develop the characteristics of the local culture."
," They cooperate with us at the time of activities for natural environment conservation. "
," There is a large problem for large scale harvesting of natural forests by Public Afforestation Companies. However main operation by Kaga Forestry Association is tending of plantations, the balance of natural and plantation forests is good, and they contribute to conservation of village forest well. "
," In order to implement forest volunteer activity smoothly, it is needed that forest roads are maintained and managed appropriately. In the target area, this is implemented very well, and they have a good influence on our activity."
," Damage for sugi by beers barking is spreading in the area and this is a serious problem. Kaga Forestry Association currently cooperates with forest managers and other organizations to prevent a depression of owners' motivation of forest management and find a way to conserve wildlife."
," Kaga Forestry Association nurtures "Green Boys and Girls" actively. They also conduct notification of forest fire prevention and cleaning of forest roads cooperated with each Forest Products Association. Further fulfilling contribution is also desired in the future."
," There were a lot of neglected forests before village thinning was conducted. In neglected forests trees were dense planted, sunlight couldn't reach forest ground, undergrowth was scarce, and there were some soil erosions observed. By conducting thinning and pruning, enough sunlight goes into forest and undergrowth was recovered."
,"Before village thinning was conducted, areas along forest roads were dim and few people other than forest workers went forest. After village thinning was conducted, whole forests became brighter. Because forest roads are narrow, cars are scarce, and forest roads are used for forest recreation, jogging, and walking."
," The Forestry Association has Forest Products Association Chief System, which connects the association to association members. Regular area meetings are organized in February and March every year, at which they report previous year's situation, explain current year's business plan, ask and answer questions, and hear association members' requests. They are trying to manage the association smoothly."
,"There are few specialists for forestry and it is difficult to tend owned forests. The association conducts village thinning without personal expense by using subsidies, with which owners are very happy."
," Kaga Forestry Association makes sincere effort to return money to members. It plays central role of the local society for problems such as damage by beers and local consumption of local wood."
," It is said loudly in these days that it is good to build houses using natural materials. To build houses without sick building syndrome using plenty of natural materials is becoming important work for us. It is very good if Kaga Forestry Association can develop "Kaga House Network" to distribute good quality materials from upstream to downstream to build houses and buildings. It is the time that this is necessary. It is required to manage forests, make good quality products and build buildings using this. I hope they promote this activity with large network. "
," There are opinions among house builders that they want to use wood from forests in Kaga prefecture actively if quality is good and cost is reasonable. Spreading of certified wood is very good because users can confirm directly that it is related to conservation of environment. I hope we can use good products every year by conducting annual monitoring assessment. I hope they promote it actively."
,"Negative Issues"
," It is necessary for them to conserve precious plants and animals cooperating with local governments, nature conservation organizations and local organizations."
,"I hope they aim to create forests with dream in which nature and human can coexist."
,"I hope they develop human resources who love nature and consider conservation of environment (environmental education)."
," There are habitats of endangered species such as Hyugamizuki (Corylopsis pauciflora), Echizendaimonjisou (Saxifraga acerifolia), Kuroyatsushiroran (Gastrodia pubilabiata), and precious and conservation-needed plant communities such as Buna (Fagus crenata) forest in Mt. Suzugatake, Tsukubanegashi (Quercus sessilifolia) forest in Akase-Hakusan shrine, and Momi (Abies firma) forest in Mt. Kinjo in the target forests."
,"I hope these plant species and communities are maintained and conserved by appropriate management of the forest. There are some plants such as Hyugamizuki of which growing condition is maintained by appropriate management of village forests."
," There are two types of conservation of biodiversity; conservation of primeval nature passively (e.g. Buna forest in Suzugamori and Hondosyakunage-Buna forest in Fujigaoka), and conservation which needs some human activities. Hyugamizuki and Asebi (Pieris japonica) communities around Tsurugataki are classified as latter case, which needs forest management (appropriate for village forest: making charcoal and collecting firewood) for growing."
,"Therefore forest management is maintaining growing condition as well as economic activity. "
,"Therefore consideration from this point is required for management method."
," Plantation measures emphasized on conifers – preservation of water sources and flood damage by soil erosion"
,"Decrease of Gifucho butterfly (Luehdorfia japonica), appearance of animals living in mountains to villages (e.g. beers and boars), decrease of broadleaf forest (few nuts and fruits)"
," Forests are source of life by supplying O2 and H2O. It is important to conserve and grow forests. However management is not enough because of declining population and aging population. Volunteers from cities may be required for operations such as planting."
," We don't know issues on laws for forests, but recognize fully the role of forests. It is necessary to plant broadleaf trees to fertilize mountains, cultivate water sources, prevent temporary flood and soil erosion, and develop good environment for plants and animals."
,"It is also necessary to treat cut branches after pruning."
,"It is important to consider utilization of thinned trees, transform to broadleaf trees plantation, and regulation for exploitation of forest."
," There are habitats of Himebotaru (Hotaria parvula) and some endangered plant species in the forest. They should pay attention to them."
," Forest workers know Hinoki and Sugi but don't know other species. I hope the forestry association educate them, and workers gain knowledge on precious species and their habitat, and do work. I heard that workers have copies of red data book during work now. In some area pre-work assessment should be conducted and workers shouldn't work at sites where precious species are found, I hope."
," A lot of damage by beer barking trees occurs in this region. This started from the next year of conducting harvesting and planting in large scale in the upstream area of Tsue river. I hope plantation area shouldn't be expanded any more. If plantation is needed, trees should be planted in harvested areas of sugi forest. On the other hand, because rivers are being covered by trees, it has got dark, and fishes and aquatic insects has been declining very much. I want them to lighten river area when they operate in forest."
," Because Kobagata lagoon is closed lake, I want them to contribute to clean water supply throughout year by managing forest."
,"Forest around Kobagata lagoon is neglected without management. There are a lot of environmental problems affecting to city areas."
," I want them to utilize companies' power by introducing a spirit of environmental business into the forest management."
," Original vegetation in the deep mountain of this region is Buna forest. Discussion is needed for conservation policy of natural environment outside specified area of national park and quasi national park (prefectural natural park). Some plants (orchid, lily, etc) are over-gathered heavily so some policy is necessary to protect these species in the future. "
," Buna forest in deep mountain (Buna belt culture, woodworking village) and original vegetation in village forest (evergreen broadleaf forest) is a source of culture of this region. Therefore position of Buna forest should be specified and managed together with conifer plantation in a balanced manner, I hope."
,"Currently broadleaf wood come from outside the prefecture. Therefore I hope resource of broadleaf wood should be enhanced."
," What kind of management will be implemented for conserved area in the target forest "
," Policies including people outside this region are needed; otherwise some problem on environment such as garbage may emerge."
," Because there may be some habitats of precious plants and animals (e.g. Abesansyouuo (Hynobius abei)), cooperation with nature conservation section of the prefecture is needed."
," I think relationship with Nature Experiential Activities Council is needed. What is the current situation "
," We have to foster love for nature of children; otherwise they will consider only commercial gain. It is important to do nature experiential activities."
," It is necessary to increase awareness of whole people as well as forest workers. I expect their work not only for raising (stabilizing) timber price but also for environmental issues."
," Very important ecosystems of very large area are included in the forest from seaside to high elevation. I expect that they will increase biodiversity by forest management. I have an impression that a concrete method to conduct survey is not clear, so I want them to develop concrete plan and make results by conducting monitoring. Although it is often said that living organisms increase if forest is managed in a good manner, there is no example demonstrated. Therefore I expect concrete result."
,"Currently activities for village forest are active; however it is limited to city people. Forest owners are not linked to those activities. I hope Kaga Forestry Association cooperate with Kanazawa City and others, and instruct techniques."
,"Other issues"
,"None"
3.9,"Observations"
,"Observations are recorded systematically using the Woodmark Generic Standard and Checklist adapted for use in Japan. The completed checklist is attached as Annex 1. Implementation of the Soil Association Woodmark Generic Standard is based on evaluation of every Criterion of the FSC Principles and Criteria for Forest Stewardship (January 1999). Only minor non-compliances are considered acceptable in order for a certificate to be issued. Major non-compliances result in the issue of a pre-condition. Minor non-conformances result in the issue of a condition or recommendation. Pre-conditions, conditions and recommendations are presented in Section2 of this report. Strengths are identified in the checklist denoted with a score of 4 or 5. Criteria scoring 3 in the checklist meet the requirements of the standard indicating compliance with FSC requirements. "
,"Weaknesses at Criterion level are identified in the checklist denoted with a score of 1 or 2 and are considered as non-compliances. These criteria require pre-conditions (score 1) or conditions/recommendations (score 2). Weaknesses at indicator level are denoted with an X."
,"Each non-compliance is described in detail in Section 2 below together with a description of the proposed corrective action (Pre-Condition, Condition, Recommendation). This section also provides details of any actions taken to close out Conditions. The Conditions identified are to be completed within the identified timescales and will be subject to assessment and reporting at subsequent surveillance visits – see section 6 of report for details of surveillance visits and Section 2 of report for close out details."
3.10,"ISSUES"
,"Where an issue was difficult to assess or contradictory evidence was identified this is discussed in the section below and the conclusions drawn given."
"Ref","Issue"
,"None"
3.11,"RESULTS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS"
,"On the basis of the observations recorded on the attached standard and checklist annex 1 and subject to the corrective actions in section 2 of this report, it is considered that the certificate holder's system of management, if implemented as described is capable of ensuring that all requirements of the applicable standard(s) are met over the whole forest area covered by the scope of the evaluation. And, the certificate holder has demonstrated that subject to the specified corrective actions detailed in Section 2 of this report, that the specified system of management is being implemented consistently over the whole forest area covered by the scope of the certificate. "
,"An FSC certificate has been issued for the period given in 1.5 an 1.6 above and will be maintained subject to successful performance at surveillance assessments."
"include name of site visited, items seen and issues discussed"
"Describe process of adaptation"
"include summary of issue raised and Woodmark response"
"Edit this section to name standard used, version of standard (e.g. draft number), date standard finalised. "
"Name, 3 line description of key qualifications and experience"
"Name, 3 line description of key qualifications and experience"
"4 Admin "
4,"ADMINISTRATIVE CONTEXT"
4.1,"Context – summary of the legislative, administrative and land use contexts in which the forest management enterprise operates"
,"Administrative context"
,"The total land area of Japan is around 37.8 million hectares. The geology of its location in the Pacific Ocean means that tectonic and volcanic activity have dominated the history of its landform and shape today's land use patterns. Most of the population of around 125 million lives in the urban areas near the coast with only 18% of the land area outside of the mountainous inland regions available for cultivation and settlement. Forests dominate the hilly and mountainous inland with a total of around 24.1 million hectares covering 65% of the land surface."
,"Forest ownership in Japan is mixed with 7.9 million hectares (31%) owned and managed by the National State Forest Agency; 2.7 million hectares (11%) owned and managed by Local government bodies such as Prefectures (regional), Cities, Communities, Villages; and 14.7 million hectares (58%) privately owned. The average area privately owned is 2.6 hectares and Local governments and Forestry Co-operative Associations play a major role in their management."
,"Local Governments and Forest Co-operative Associations play a pivotal role in forest management carrying out management planning for the regions that they cover, providing advice about forest management, assisting the allocation of financial grants or subsidies from local authorities to forest owners, implementing management work, and assisting in the marketing of timber. "
,"The Forest and Forestry Basic Law, revised in 2001, was established on the basis of multi-purposes of forest management and sustainable and healthy development of forests, in order to promote forests' environmental functions and forestry. The Forest Owners' Association Law (established 1960, revised 2001) was established to promote co-operative organisations among forest owners, boosting socio-economic status of forest owners, and for enhancing the conservative culture and stability of forests. "
,"Forest owners who develop a five year forest operational plan, (harvesting, forestation and tending) based on these laws, and receive approval by the mayor or governor is subject to preferential treatment. By promoting planned operation, forest resource sustainability is enhanced and at the basis for forestry management is formed, thus beneficial economically. Forests targeted by the forest operational plan are limited to forests that secure at least 30ha of consolidated forest area. Furthermore, it is possible to make a forest operational plan in which the forests secured are owned by single forest owner or multiple owners who share at least 30ha of consolidated forest area. Forest owners benefit from developing a forest operational plan in that 20% of forest income taxes can be deducted and payment of inheritance taxes can be deferred. Other preferential treatment includes higher subsidisation for planting and tending, and increase in credit lines."
,"Other laws and regulations that pertain to forestry management units are; Natural Parks Law, Natural Environment Conservation Law, Forestry Seeds and Seedlings Law , Forest Pest and Disease Control Law and Erosion Control Law."
,"Currently around 8.9million hectares is classified as protection forest (73% for headwater protection, 23% for soil protection, 4% other). Logging is permitted in these areas using specified extraction and regeneration techniques and limits to the rate of volume removal. The forest protection system provides for a range of reserve types to be established and in many of these areas there is limited intervention. "
,"Appointment as National Parks recognises aesthetic and representative landscapes of Japan; there are currently 28 parks, 2.05 million hectares that has been appointed by the Ministry of Environment. Quasi status is appointed as Quasi-National Parks, and make up 1.34 million hectares with 55 parks. There is also recognition at the prefectural level through the establishment of Prefectural Natural Parks, and there are currently 307 parks with 1.97 million hectares, throughout the country. The total area appointed as any of the three parks make up roughly 13% of the land area of Japan."
"5a Group"
5,"THE FOREST"
5.1,"GENERAL BACKGROUND ABOUT THE OPERATION"
"5.1.1","Type of operation and year established"
,"The Kaga Forestry Association began on April 1, 2000, when the forest associations of cities of Kaga and Komatsu and the towns of Yamanaka and Nomi (Former area of Tatsunokuchi) were combined. Currently, there are 4,436 association members, 128 regional forest products association chiefs representing the membership, 41 association employees, and 85 forest workers that include contract workers. There are 38,611 hectares of privately-owned forests."
"5.1.2","Ownership of the land, forest and forest management enterprise"
,"The owners of the lands are the individual members of the Kaga Forestry Association. Each village appoints a forest products association Chief, and each forest products association contracts out its operation to the Kaga Forestry Association basically. The Kaga Forestry Association manages the forests based on these contracts."
5.2,"TENURE"
"5.2.1","Forest Owner/manager's tenure"
,"The owners of the lands are the individual members of the Kaga Forestry Association. Each village appoints a forest products association Chief, and each forest products association contracts out its operation to the Kaga Forestry Association basically. The Kaga Forestry Association manages the forests based on these contracts."
"5.2.2","Third party tenure and use rights"
,"Access to the forestland is acknowledged for local recreation and collecting of non-timber forest products. Many of the forest roads are also used as town roads and public roads, and they are made accessible to forest users and hikers. "
"5.2.3","Forest Owner/manager's other activity or areas managed"
,"The subjected area is predominantly used and managed for production of high-quality Sugi (Cedar) timber. Accretion logging is applied to improve light conditions, and the area is maintained as an environmentally/aesthetically favorable forest. Accordingly, the forest is utilized for various purposes, such as recreation by the local and city residents, and field experiences by schools and citizens. Some places are offered to the locals for mushroom production. Also, the forestry association regularly runs woodcraft classes, and the locals enjoy making woodcrafts by using the residual materials. "
"5.2.4","Land use history"
,"See 3.2.1 above"
5.3,"SUMMARY OF FOREST MANAGEMENT "
"5.3.1","Structure of management organisation "
,"The Kaga Forestry Association's special Forest Products Association Chief System should be mentioned. The Forest Products Association Chief System was used by the old Komatsu City Forest Association, one of the predecessors of the Kaga Forestry Association, created by the consolidation of a large area. The system organized chiefs at the village level, modeled on the agricultural production association chief system. The Kaga Forestry Association has continued this practice after the consolidation."
,"Outline of Forest Products Association Chief System"
,"The Forest Product Association Chief is the village representative and acts as a liaison between the forest association and association members. The Chief performs vital functions such as communicating information about association activities to the membership and bringing association member opinions to the notice of the forest association. This Forest Products Association Chief system is functioning well for the village thinning operations that the Kaga Forestry Association is currently performing. Village thinning operations establish forest zones of about 10 hectares for thinning (plantations of the 4 – 12 age class (1 age class corresponds to 5 years; 15 – 59 years old)) at the village level through the Forest Product Association Chief. The forestry association contracts all operations as a whole, from tree selection to taking the timber to market. Low cost thinning operations are done using high quality forest equipment such as the tower yarder. During fiscal 2004 (April 2004 – March 2005), 182 hectares were thinned and 6,350 m3 of material extracted."
,"In particular, the Forest Products Association Chief makes a large contribution for these village thinning operations. The Chief mediates between the Forest Association and association members and also handles several duties: applying for operations, joint inspection of boundaries, confirming estimations of costs, contracting, verification of completion, and calculating operational costs. To give a concrete example, the Chief may get a request from association members and will be the owner's representative when the standing timber is sold to the association. He will gather the signature of each individual member for a letter of acceptance that charges him to be a party to the contract for contracting with the Forest Association. The sales contract is made with the Forest Product Chief and he carries out negotiations with the Forest Association. In this way, the Chief assumes the responsibility and acts as the representative of the entire village and has the right to sell standing timber and to verify all operations rather than individual owners performing these duties separately. This Forest Products Association Chief System is functioning well and regional residents place a great deal of trust on the Chief. Furthermore, Kaga Forestry Association has improved efficiency by performing operations at the village level rather than with separate operation contracts with individual owners as in traditional forestry associations."
"5.3.2","Total management area and main divisions"
,"Private forests in Komatsu City, Kaga City, Yamanaka Town and Nomi City (former Tatsunokuchi Town), which has an area of 32,391ha (total 50,519ha), owned by 3,643 members (total 4,436 members) of the forestry association. There are 116 headpersons of forest products associations (representatives of the members of the forestry association in each region) (total 128 headpersons). "
"5.3.3","Forest composition and forest production"
,"The Kaga Forestry Association manages a large area extending over three cities and one town. Of the total 73,425 hectares of the region, forest account for 50,519 hectares, about 70%. The forest is made of 30% plantations and 70% broadleaf trees. The relatively small plantation is made up of more than 80% sugi. This region is located in a snowy region on the Sea of Japan and was originally a natural region for sugi. For this reason, the growth is generally good. The sugi stands are located at the lower slopes of hills and mountains. From the upper slopes to the ridges are broadleaf forests. This is a favorable region for sugi following the principle of appropriate place, appropriate plant. The age range falls mainly in the 40 – 50 year region due to the post-war tree plantings, but the accumulation of trees in the 60 – 100 year range are also comparatively high. In comparison to other regions in Japan, this forest has a relatively normalized age structure, and it also has a high probability of sustainable harvests. In addition, forest road density is relatively high with an average of 20 – 30 meters per hectare. The lower mountains and lower slopes, where the sugi grow, have a higher percentage. Furthermore, because city and town roads can also be used as forest roads, the tending and harvesting efficiency is high."
,"The forest association implements a unique system, called the Forest Products Association Chief System that has a regional membership representative who contract all operations relating to that region. Forest operations, including thinning, tending, and harvesting, can be planned efficiently in this way. Forestry focuses primarily on the sugi, which have good growth. They are in a period of shifting from commercial thinning operations to main harvesting, and are currently harvesting about 5,000 m3 of material per year. In addition to the village thinning operations, efforts are also made in regional promotion by supplying construction materials to the Kaga Kinjou Junior High School and using round logs for public works supported by the \"Prefecture Local Material Utilization Project.\" The biggest contribution is the function as the distribution base for the regions timber and wood products by keep the Nata Factory, where an annual volume of 10,000m3 of material are processed, at their own expense. For this reason, Kaga Forestry Association is an excellent association and an example for all of Japan. Kaga Forestry Association also has about 1 billion yen of sales each year and some fifty million yen of pretax profits."
,"In addition to timber production, other special forest products include various mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes), nameko mushrooms (Pholiota nameko), enokitake mushrooms (Flammulia velutipes), hiratake mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus), and maitake mushrooms (Grifola frondosa). In particular, shiitake mushroom cultivation is a good occupation for aging mountain foresters and shiitake mushrooms enjoy the largest volumes."
"5.3.4","Management objectives"
,"The Kaga Forestry Association forest management objectives are stipulated below."
,"【Management Policy】"
,"· The forestry association is a central organization enabling appropriate forest management of the region."
,"· Also, the association must be a group of forestry professionals who can be trusted on managing forests for the forest owners."
,"· Appropriate forest management shall be defined as: An approach that ensures creation of forests full of life, and a enriched living environment through timber production; all for the sake of forest owners, timber users, local communities, and the earth. "
,"· We will continue to innovate and challenge, in order to succeed our beautiful forests, rich living environment, and the supporting technologies to our future generations. "
,"(1) Basic Concept"
,"To target a recycling-based society with nature and humanity coexisting and to contribute to local society by implementing forest management with appropriate consideration given to the environment and effectively using forest resources, such as timber."
,"(2) Basic Policy"
,"Kaga Forestry Association bears the responsibility of managing the 50,464 hectares of forest, accounting for 70% of the 73,425 hectares of total land area, observes related laws and the FSC Certification 10 principles for forest management, and implements association industrial activities, i.e., \"Nurturing forest maintenance, producing, selling, and processing timber, and guiding the membership's forestry activities,\" by following the basic principles listed below."
,"o Clarify the method of forest management that gives consideration to the environment and try to improve the understanding and consciousness of employees and concerned organizations."
,"o Recognize that we are a part of the regional society and try to maintain an effective relationship with society in general."
,"o Determine a management plan that maintains long-term vision, and work for effective implementation, periodic inspections, and improvements."
,"(3) Action Items"
,"o Environment"
,"§ Protect the natural forest, and create a rich ecosystem that will diversify the scenery."
,"§ Protect our Dainichi mountain range rivers, and maintain the forest as the source of water for people downriver."
,"§ Create a forest where a variety of creatures can live."
,"§ Prevent water pollution to streams running through the forest and work to diversify aquatic life."
,"o Society"
,"§ To gain the general understanding of common residents about the multi-functionality of the forest, work in cooperation with residents downstream to maintain the forest."
,"§ Contribute to society and the economy by providing workers with stable employment and by hiring locally."
,"§ Provide children a site for environmental education and give guidance for protecting the natural forest."
,"§ Encourage projects performed by non-members within the managed forest to be nature-friendly."
,"o Economics"
,"§ For a recycling-based society, increase the added-value of timber, and work to increase the use of wood materials and to establish a stable supply."
,"§ For economical forest management, maintain a dense network of roads and implement silviculture based on the management plan."
,"§ To reduce cost of timber production and forest maintenance, implement rationalization and attempt to minimize the impact to the environment."
"5.3.5","Silviculture and/or forest management systems"
,"The forest management system is typical, but thinnings are frequent and intense to maintain the quality and growth of the material and to also create a forest that can withstand the snow. Furthermore, there are various sales routes such as round logs for use in public utilities or building materials. Also, because the expansion of use is planned according to the age of the trees, sustainable harvest is possible with a focus on commercial thinnings in spite of the forest age structure that is primarily in the 40 – 50 year range. In addition, older large-diameter trees were seen. And since they are fast-growing sugi, there are forest stands that are becoming ready for primary harvest. For these reasons, this system is complete, from nursery seedlings to harvest. However, there is no main harvesting currently. And since most harvesting is from commercial thinnings, there are few areas of reafforested trees."
,"Furthermore, the forest workers are qualified personnel. A Group Leader system is implemented. The Leaders assign responsibility and give instructions, and each worker is provided with on-site training so that they can perform a variety of operations."
,"In addition, Kaga Forestry Association has a 5-year Silvicultural Plan. The long-term objectives and the standard silvicultural system are listed below."
,"(1) Long term objectives for forest silviculture implementation"
,"A) Forest existing within the zone excluding the zones silviculture forests for public functions (Cyclic Forest)"
,"· Secure production functionality of wood material by using the Forest Products Association Chief System."
,"· Efficiently supplying a stable wood supply through communal thinning operations."
,"Cutting period age"
,"However, for the following forest, the cutting period age is as follows."
,"B) Water Source Cultivation Function Maintenance and Promotion Forest (Forest to protect land and water)"
,"· Preserve the forest's diverse functions by using the Forest Products Association Chief System."
,"· Efficiently supplying a stable wood supply through communal thinning operations."
,"Cutting period age"
,"However, for the following forest, the cutting period age is as follows."
,"C) Environment Protection Function Maintenance and Promotion Forest (Symbiotic Forest)"
,"Preserve forest maintenance that gives consideration to the natural environment by using the Forest Products Association Chief System."
,"(2) Long-term volumes of cut standing trees and area of planted trees"
,"(3) Long-term objectives for Forest Silviculture collaboration"
,"Not applicable"
,"(4) Other issues"
,"Use the Forest Products Association Chief System upon consideration of the forest's public functionality and implement thinning operations on a community basis to include older artificially planted forests."
,"The production of good quality, large-diameter trees of more than 100 years old (Growing 100-year Trees) is targeted. The silvicultural method for this is as follows. Establish a target to switch from normally harvesting trees of around 60 years old to classifying them as large-trunk \"100-year Trees\" organizationally and target the production of high value-added materials. Ultimately, the tree density after 100 years is set at 400 trees/ha, and trees of 44 cm at chest height and 30 meters tall will be cultivated through a repetition of trimming and thinning."
,"The 10-year and 45-year medium-term visions are planned respectively as follows:"
,"n In the coming five years, a strong management base shall be established to achieve the following in ten year's time (by 2015): "
,"· Promoting the "Kaga Sugi (cedar)" brand,"
,"· Regeneration of watercourse forests and streamside ecosystems,"
,"· Return profit generated from the second thinning to the owners."
,"n Through continued effort, in 45 year's time, (by 2050) the following shall be achieved:"
,"· A beautiful landscape of Kaga Sugi (cedar),"
,"· "100-year stands" contributing to environmental conservation,"
,"· Revival of a self-sustaining forest management that ensures forest regeneration and return of profit to the owners."
,"In addition, realization of a sustainable local community supported by forest resources will be pursued."
"5.3.6","Principal harvesting techniques"
,"Machines and facilities owned by the forest associations are as follows: back hoe with grapple x 5, swing yarder x 1, forwarder x 1, skidder x 2, grapple equipped truck x 1, crane equipped truck x 3. Under certain geographical conditions, chainsaws are used for harvesting, yarding and carrying, to improve operational efficiency. In addition, as a measure to further reduce production costs, introduction of harvesters in harvesting operation and processors in processing operations is considered. "
5.4,"SUSTAINED YIELD"
"5.4.1","Assumptions on which estimates are based"
,"The plan mentioned in section 3.4.5 is the forest association's five year forest management plan made in response to the community development plan, thus, it is an official procedural plan to apply for subsidies. Based on the plan, short/medium/long-term harvest planning polices that will be used as the actual plans, are stipulated as follows:"
,"Current status of forest resources and long-term prospect to ensure its sustainability"
,"(1) Basic principles of forest resource management"
,"Kaga Forestry Association aims to promote the development of mature forests thorough appropriate maintenance of forests' many public functions and continuous and stabilized implementation of thinning. 7000m 3/year of thinnings will be stably produced from the managed forests. After 10 years, the second round of thinning is expected to bring profit to the owners. In order to continue production of good quality trees, main harvesting will be implemented gradually. For such purposes, long-term resource management of each plantation forest will be considered, and the results will be used as the baseline. "
,"(2) Current status of the resources"
,"The total size of plantation forests in the management area is 8,578ha, with 7,319ha (85%) of Sugi (cedar), 787ha (9%) of Hinoki (Japanese cypress), and 472ha (6%) of other trees (Matsu (pine), etc.), thus, the sum of Sugi and Hinoki, which is subjected to forestry business, will be 8,160ha. For this 8,160ha of plantation forest, the accumulated volume is estimated to be 2,143,000m3 and the annual growth volume to be 37,000m3/year. "
,"Observation of the age class distribution of these plantation forests shows that, the planted area is concentrated on 7 – 11 age classes which were planted during the 1950's to 1960's, and these age classes consists 55% of the total area in terms of age class classification. "
,"Table IV-2 Resource volume of the plantation forests in the management area"
,"(3) Resource management policy"
,"As the 50-year parcels are largest in volume, the policy will target the next 50 years of this group (when they reach 100 years), and consider its growth volume and harvest plan."
,"1) Growth volume and harvest"
,"The total stand volume in the management area is at 2,143,000m3 and the growth volume is at 37,000m3/year. Based on the growth rate by age class, an attempt to measure the growth of forest stands after 50 years (from 2005 to 2055) shows the accumulated volume to be approximately 3,824,000 m3, which means 1,681,000 m3 growth."
,"Harvest of resource will be kept under the growth volume and replanting to be planed based on this data. "
,"Table IV-3 Accumulation and growth volume after 50 years"
,"(1,000 m3)"
,"2) Harvest plan"
,"Of the approximately 10,000 m3 of timber currently traded within the management area, 7,000 m3 originates from this area; this is only accountable for 20% of the timber demand in the region. Corresponding to the target set by the prefecture (Forest, Forestry and Timber Industry Vision, January 2002), the goal for supply of locally produced timber is 40%, which is twice the current trade volume. This target is within the capacity of Naya factory. Accordingly, target for annual timber use volume is set at 20,000 m3 and target for locally produced timber volume is set at 14,000 m3 (7,000 m3 x 2)."
,"For the next 5 years, group thinning will be the main operation, and with consideration to recent results, target for annual area will be 250ha (annual timber production 250ha x 26.7 m3/ha = 6,675 ≈7,000 (m3/ha))."
,"The area of forests subject to thinning from now onward (age class 1 – 9) totals approximately 4,438ha (Chart III-4). 5 – 6 age class (504ha) will be thinned twice and those under 4 age class (1,223ha) will be thinned three times. Assuming 80% of the plantation forests as the subjected area for operation, then, the thinning plan will be:"
,"(4,438 + 504 + 1,233 x 2) x 0.8 = 5,910 (ha)"
,"If the thinning volume since 1999 (Table III-5) - the year when village thinning was fully introduced - is deducted from the above, the balance will be: "
,"5,910-1,1052=4,858(ha)"
,"Main thinning will commence from the sixth year, thus the planned volume will be 200ha/year, and thinning will be continued for 20 years. For nursing purpose of new plantings, 100ha/year of thinning will be continued after this. "
,"As thinning will be the major operation for the next 5 years, the main harvest will begin in six years (2010), and the volume gradually increased during the next 10 years to reach the total timber production of 14,000m3/year. "
,"Table IV-7 Growth and harvest volume for 50 years"
,"3) Village thinning for the next 5 years"
,"A plan of village thinning for the next 5 years (e.g. timing, area) has been prepared. The tabulation is as follows: "
,"Table IV-8 Village thinning plan for the next 5 years"
,"Left: area / Right: volume"
,"area:ha material volume:m3"
,"4) Planting plan"
,"The balance between resource volume and harvest volume, and prospects for selective logging as the main mode of operation for the meantime, there are no urgent plans for new planting. However, after 15 years of focused thinning, full-scale reforestation will be carried out. "
,"Stand volume (converted to material) at main harvest will be appox. 500m3/ha; if 11,300m3 of harvesting takes place per year, approx. 23 ha will be replanted. "
,"(4) Summary"
,"As described above, thinning will be the main mode of operation for the next 5 years. From the sixth year, main harvesting will begin in selected portions, with its priority given to larger parcels of the same age class; from the 15th year, silvicultural practice will shift to primarily main harvest. The total amount of main harvest and thinning shall not exceed the planned harvest volume. For parcels that have reached the age for main harvest, harvesting will take place in groups (parcels) similarly to the way thinning operations are currently conducted, in order to increase efficiency. Either selective harvesting or small size clear cutting will be implemented, and in cases of the latter, the size of an area shall not exceed 3ha. Refforestation will begin after 16 years and its pace is expected to be approximately 23ha/year. "
"5.4.2","Source of data on which estimates are based"
,"Kaga Forestry Association is using a forest data book that covers the entire management forest, to comprehend the forest resource composition in the region. This is also provided in the basic forest map. However, as the forest resource composition data is based on the harvest table of the prefecture, the details of geography, topographic condition and growth volume are unknown. Although this should be sufficient for the prediction of average harvest volume, it may affect the short-term profit plan."
"5.4.3","Rationale for annual harvest in terms of volumes and species"
,"See 3.5.1."
"5.4.4","Actual historical production"
,"Approximately 5,000m3 to 6,000m3 has been produced."
"5.4.5","Current production"
,"Same as above."
"5.4.6","Projected production"
,"For the next 5 years – approximately 7,000 m3, from the 6th year – approximately 14,000 m3."
5.5,"ENVIRONMENT AND BIODIVERSITY "
,"This region, consisting of 2 cities and 2 towns, is located in the southwestern portion of Ishikawa prefecture and is bordered by Fukui prefecture south of the Tedori River. Topographically, Dainichi Mountain (1,368 meters) is the highest peak in the range, with the Kakehashi and Daishouji Rivers running through. Downriver, hills and terraces turn into the Kaga Plains. Many of the region's forests fulfill the important functions of water source cultivation and erosion control. Geologically, the mountain region is composed of Rhyolite, tuff breccia, and tuff pumice, with layers of tuffaceous sandstone and mudstone. The hills and terraces are composed of a conglomerate layer and a sand-mud layer and continue to the alluvial Kaga Plains. The sea coast has the Komatsu sand dunes which is narrow and long. The average temperature is between 10 – 14 degrees Celsius. The winter sees heavy snowfall, about 2 – 3 meters of snow accumulation in the mountains, due to seasonal winds from the Sea of Japan. Annual rainfall is about 2,500 – 3,000 mm. The large forest is home to rich wildlife. The rivers that run through the Kaga Plains and are unmuddied by the small amount of rain send pure water downstream. According to the River Survey Report (1987) by the Ministry of the Environment, the Kakehashi River is habitat to several kinds of fish, e.g., Japanese char (Salvelinus leucomaenis), masu trout (Oncorhynchus masou masou), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), sweet fish (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis), ugui (Tribolodon hakonensis), oikawa (Zacco platypus), sculpin (Cottus pollux), and spined loach (Cobitis biwae). The first four of these are stocked."
,"The wide-spread Kaga Plains are fed by the Kakehashi, Iburihashi, and Daishouji Rivers. Behind the sand dunes, there are several lagoons that are highly valued as habitat for water birds. The Katano Kamoike is a Ramsar Convention registered wetland. The Yamanaka – Dainichi Mountain Prefectural Nature Park, Shishiku – Tedori Prefectural Nature Park, and the Sugi-no-Mizu Prefectural Environment Preservation region are located in the mountainous region. The coastal region has the Neagari, Komatsu, Katayamazu, and Hashidate beaches. The last two beaches are specified as the Echizen Kaga Coastal Quasi-National Park."
5.6,"SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY ISSUES"
,"As of 2000, there were a total of 201,352 people living in the region: 109,531 from Komatsu city (the 2nd largest in the prefecture), 67,600 from Kaga city, 14,202 from Tatsunokuchi town, and 10,019 from Yamanaka town. Most of the communities are distributed between the plains and the hills, along the main rivers. The local industry is primarily Komatsu city's Kutani ceramics, silk, ironworks for industrial construction machinery. The promotion of new industries is accomplished by creating new industrial areas such as the expansion of the Komatsu Industrial Complex (operating with 33 corporations) and creating the Kushi – Nukami Industrial Complex, by using the transportation network of airports, highways, and rail. Progress has also been made in the consolidation of the city foundation. The \"Komatsu Dome\" (largest in the Sea of Japan area) is the regional center for culture, industry, and sports. Industry in Kaga City has developed around the silk industry, transport machinery, Kutani ceramics, and laquer ware since the Meiji era. In addition, along with the creation of the Oshiotsuji Industrial Complex and efforts to attract new industries, promotion of revitalizing the tourist industry is also underway. At the Yamashiro hot springs, the exhibition for the Hazuchiwo Gakudo, Iroha Hut (temporary lodging for Rosanjin), and the remains of the Kutani ceramic kilns has been completed. The Katayamazu hot springs are also promoting the creation of a beautiful town through comprehensive support projects."
,"Also, the foothills of this region have become the Kaga spa resort area, one of Japan's leading resorts, that have developed into a tourist spot with the Awadzu, Yamashiro, Yamanaka, Katayamazu, and Daishouji hot springs. And, the wide Kaga Plains along the coast is home to many sake brewers who use the Ishikawa-grown rice and pure water from the mountains. There are fishing harbors where each river feeds into the Sea of Japan, and these areas are good fishing grounds. This region is blessed with the mountains, and the rich nature of the Kaga Plains and the Sea of Japan. Here, the primary industries of agriculture, forestry, and fisheries cannot be ignored."
5.7,"SUMMARY OF MONITORING ACTIVITIES"
,"The objective of monitoring is to clarify the gap between the target set in the forest management plan and the actual result, and to use it for improvement of the plan and the process. As monitoring may be costly when conducting in its own right, it calls for integration of activities into personnel training or other philanthropic operations. Monitoring of social aspects can be done through holding fora for communication with stakeholders. "
,"【Regular monitoring】"
," For environmental, social and economic aspects, regular monitoring procedures are shown in the following chart. Monitoring results will be organized and reported mainly by the personnel from each unit of the FSC forest certification project team."
,"Regular monitoring system"
5.8,"OTHER ACTIVITIES"
"5.8.1","Summary of non forestry activities being undertaken within the management area"
,"Mushroom (Shiitake, etc.) production. Although most of the timber is coming from outside the region, lacquer ware production is popular, and secures a reputation as one of the nation's finest homes of practitioners. "
"5.8.2","Impacts"
,"Kaga forestry association has a philanthropy policy stipulated as follows:"
,"【Basic policy】"
,"n We shall always aim to take into consideration the means of contributing to social affairs through forest management."
,"n We shall communicate with stakeholders, promote mutual understanding and try to understand other's needs. In order to facilitate communication, a website will be developed and information will be actively disclosed. "
,"n We shall create opportunity to communicate with local residents, and promote forest environment educational and recreational activities in response to their expectations."
,"n We shall secure labor safety and health of the staff/workers, and support improvement of their capacity/skills. "
,"n We shall aim to receive high reputation as a forestry association from the local communities through the activities listed above. "
,"(1) Development of a website"
,"A website will be developed in the year 2005 in order to actively disclose information. Disclosure of information through the website is not only a social requirement; its objective is to further promote communication with the stakeholders."
,"(2) Subject oriented response"
,"Stakeholders will be grouped into clients, local communities and employees; response to each group will be made based on the basic policy specified below. "
,"1) Contribution to clients "
,"As has been the case, communication with the members of the Association will be promoted through organizing of regular area meetings. Efforts will be made to increase the property value of the forest and return the profits, so that the forestry association will receive trust from its members. "
,"2) Contribution to the local communities"
,"The aesthetic forest environment will be maintained and clean water and air will be provided through appropriate forest management. Wide contribution to the local communities will be achieved through creation of this beautiful living environment. In addition, the forests will be made accessible for mountain vegetables or mushroom harvesting and recreational uses. These will also contribute to regional tourism. "
,"Moreover, as a focal theme for the next 5 years, forest environmental education will be delivered. The objective is to promote understanding by the local residents (especially children and family) about the forest, forestry, timber and operation of the forestry association. The goal of the forest environment education after 5 years is to establish a model business, develop programs, and build partnerships with the local elementary/junior high schools."
,"(3) Relationship with workers"
,"Labor safety and health is the foundation of the forestry association, thus it is a social responsibility of the forestry association to secure such requirements. Accidents will be prevented through clarification of safety gear criteria for each operation, and implementation of the codes for their use. Also, improvement of safety management and labor safety consciousness at the site level will be sought through regular labor safety training. "
,"In the meantime, human resource development is also a foundational principle of the forestry association. Staff/operators will be given opportunities and support to gain knowledge and skills through educational training. "
5.9,"TRACKING, TRACING AND IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCTS"
"5.9.1","Key risk areas for mixing certified and non-certified products from the forest area"
,"As forests subject to the scope of certification are consolidated, a logging yard for harvested logs will be established inside the management area. Only FSC certified timber will be hauled; non-certified timber will not be worked on at the same time, thus, the risk of mixing certified and non-certified timber will be circumvented. "
"5.9.2","Control systems - Systems and Documents used to control material flow"
,"Kaga Forestry Association maintains all the sales records of forest products. In terms of physical identification, timber will be separated spatially in the directly owned and operated sawmill, thus, the place where certified timber will be handled is limited. "
"5.9.3","Identification of certified forest products"
,"As for physical identification, although marking at the yard is considered, a method of spatial separation at the sawmill mill and throughout the preceding procedures is planned to be implemented. "
"5.9.4","Point at which scope of joint forest and chain of custody ends"
,"As for sales methods of certified timber, material will be delivered to the directly owned and operated sawmill, which is under a separate COC certificate, processed into columns and boards, and distributed downstream. Certified and non-certified timber will be spatially separated at the sawmill. The conclusion point for the COC covered under the forest management and COC certificate is at the timber yard of the sawmill."
"5.9.5","Secondary Processing by Forest Manager"
,"The forestry association owns and manages log market and sawmill, which are under a separate COC certificate. At the sawmill they manufacture sawn products such as poles and fences."
5.10,"Forest Areas or processes excluded from scope of certification"
,"See 1.4.24"
5.11,"MAP(S)"
"5a","THE GROUP"
"5a.1","Group manager/entity description"
,"The Kaga Forestry Association manages whole group as a group manager. Group member is each Forest Product Association. Group manager develops plans and conducts forestry operations while obtaining agreements of group members. When group members do operations, they report it to the group manager. The Kaga Forestry Association set a project team of FSC forest certification within it. There are a leader, and persons in charge for environment, society, and economy aspects in the team. There are sub managers at each branch (Komatsu (including Tatsunokuchi Office), Kaga, and Yamanaka) and the Nata factory. "
"5a.2","Ownership of the land, forest and forest management enterprise"
,"See list of group members in Annex 6"
"5a.3","Responsibility of Group Manager"
,"●Manager"
,"(1) review and approve group member application"
,"(2) create and revise forest management plan"
,"(3) confirm and monitor forestry operations within the certified forest"
,"(4) monitor and report illegal activities"
,"(5) call forest products association chief to meeting"
,"(6) collect and provide necessary information for group management, and notice meeeting and training"
,"(7) patrol in the certified forest, and mediate conflicts on forest boundaries"
,"(8) create and keep group member register and forest register"
,"(9) disclose information"
,"(10) other items managers identified"
,"●Leader and submanager"
,"(1) Leader Supports manager, and manages submanagers' works"
,"(2) Submangers at each branch support manager together with leader, and manage forest product associations in the managed area of each branch."
,"(3) Manager of the Nata factory supports manager together with leader with regard to COC management, and manages factory works."
"5a.4","Responsibility of Group Members"
,"(1) conduct basic management such as bandaries of owned forest"
,"(2) report cut area, cut volume, planting and thinning in owned forest to the manager (excluding contracted operation area to the association)"
,"(3) provide documents and information necessary for creation and revision of forest mangement plan"
,"(4) provide information on forest environment such as condition change, natural disaster and plants and animals"
,"(5) Attend forest products association chief meeting"
,"(6) monitor and report illegal activities"
,"(7) other items group members identified"
"5b.5","System for assessment and demonstration of compliance with forest management standard"
,"In principle forestry operations are conducted by Kaga Forestry Association, the group manager. When group members conduct operations, they report it to the manager. Manager inspect and confirm working conditions accordingly."
"5a.6","Compliance with FSC group requirements"
,"See Group/Multiple site standard and checklist Annex 5"
"Kaga Forestry Association "
" "
"Forest Product Association Chief "
"Owner "
"Owner "
"Sugi "
"45 "
"Hinoki "
"50 "
" "
"Cutting period age "
"Sugi "
"80 "
"Hinoki "
"90 "
" "
"Cutting period age "
"Tending forest for promotion of functions "
"Site "
"Sugi "
"45 "
"Hinoki "
"50 "
" "
"Cutting period age "
"Sugi "
"80 "
"Hinoki "
"90 "
" "
"Cutting period age "
"Tending forest for promotion of functions "
"Site "
" "
"Regular monitoring "
"Environmental aspects "
"Social aspects "
" Monitoring plot (vegetation survey) Vegetation survey (every 5 years) Photograph (every early October) Monitoring plot (buffer zone along watercourse) Aquatic creatures survey (every summer) *Implemented with the participation of local children in specified model forest *Implemented as forest environment education (emphasized policy) as well as monitoring Discussion meeting with specialists on biology (every late October) Report results of monitoring plot survey and biological survey in buffer zone along watercourse (model area), and receive advice Discuss on various issues for local environment Record the meeting *Implemented as well as development of human resources who have good knowledge on nature Inspection tour in conservation area Monitor harvesting, existence of illegal dumping and ecosystems once a year "
" Area Meeting (mid February to March in every year) Confirm if association members needs are satisfied Confirm if association members observe group regulations (e.g. safety management and operation report) Forest products association chiefs report local forest information (change, disaster, plants and animals, and others) which are reported from association members Meeting with wood users (every month) Attend board of directors of Minami Kaga Wood Cooperative Association Communication with other stakeholders (every 5 years) Interview stakeholders such as Fishery Cooperative Associations Workshop for Labor health and safety Annual detailed workshop (for each branch office) Confirm at leaders meeting (at each branch office monthry) if there is any issues "
"Economic aspects "
"Summarize following documents for general meeting in May Accounting documents (income statement and balance sheet) Data on productivity Forest inventory and Sales record of wood "
" "
"Forest Product Association Chief "
"Owner "
"Owner "
"specify type of operation, year established, number of sites and total area"
"6 Surveillance 1"
6.0,"FIRST SURVEILLANCE"
6.1,"Surveillance Assessment dates"
,"29th and 30th June 2006"
6.2,"Estimate of person days to complete surveillance assessment"
,"4 person days"
6.3,"Surveillance Assessment team"
,"The assessment team consisted of: "
,"1)Shuhei Tomimura "
,"Tomimura is a professional consultant based in Tokyo, and representative of Tomimura Environment Research Office. His professional expertise is in the areas of forest ecology, forest conservation and engineering in the forestry domain. He received his forestry training and diploma from the Forestry Faculty of Kyoto Prefectural University. He also studied forest ecology at the National Forest Research Centre of France. Prior to establishing his own consultancy, Tomimura was employed for 23 years by Asia Air Survey Co., Ltd.. During this time, he acquired extensive international forestry experience in countries such as Morocco, Ivory Coast, Paraguay and Europe. He has also served as a Lecturer in the Ecology Faculty at Toyo College. Tomimura experienced more than 10 FM audits as lead inspector in Japan."
,"2)Naoya Ogawa"
,"Naoya Ogawa participated many FSC certification audits in Japan as a supporter. Ogawa is employed by AMITA Corporation and is the program coordinator for AMITA Corporation's Forest Certification Programme. He majored in forest science and holds a M.S. in agriculture studies from the University of Tokyo, Japan."
,"Team members' c.v.'s are held on file at the Woodmark office."
6.4,"Assessment process"
,"29th June 2006"
,"site visit: Wasadani (group thinning and buffer zone), Tatsunokuchi fixed point survey area of broadleaf forest, Hara (group thinning), Seryo (group thinning)"
,"30th June 2006"
,"site visit: Aratani (group thinning and buffer zone), Sou (group thinning and buffer zone)"
,"Inspection of management documents: Check for improvement of Conditions and Recommendations stipulated in the full evaluation report, reconfirm using Group (Multiple site) Certification Standard and Generic Standard and Checklist"
,"Inspectors review meeting, presentation of conclusions, discussion of recommendations, and discussion of next stages in certification process."
6.5,"Stakeholder consultation"
,"Stakeholders contacted are listed in Annex 2"
,"Issues raised by stakeholders are considered under Issues below in this section."
,"Observations are recorded in the Standard and Checklist"
6.6,"Review of corrective actions"
,"Action taken in relation to previously issued conditions is reviewed given in Section 2 of this report. "
6.7,"Justification for selection of items and places inspected"
,"At this annual monitoring, sites where some operation had been conducted was visited in order to check the progress of operations (mainly thinning) which was conducted as a method of improvement of forest composition, which was pointed out at the main assessment. In addition, forest composition, undergrowth, productivity and health of forest by species (e.g. stand density and leaf condition), stability of forest road slopes, use of exotic grass species, and treatment of thinned wood were observed during moving from site to site."
"6.7.1","Description of sites visited"
,"see annex 6"
6.8,"Tracking, tracing and identification of products"
,"Wood harvested from the certified forest is delivered to the factory of the forestry association. Uncertified wood is not delivered together. All harvest records are kept."
,"Secondary Processing by Forest Manager"
,"Subject of separate Chain of Custody report"
6.9,"Standard"
,"The forest was evaluated using the Soil Association Woodmark International Generic Standard and Checklist. This has been translated into Japanese and circulated through stakeholder consultation. No major comments on the standard have been received. A copy of the modified standard is available on request. A working group is currently working on a national standard, this will be used to update the Woodmark Standard in the future."
,"The group system was evaluated against the Woodmark Group (Multiple Site) Certification Standard and Checklist."
6.10,"Adaptations/Modifications to standard"
,"There were no changes to the standard used in the previous assessment"
6.11,"Confirmation of scope"
,"The assessment team reviewed the current scope of the certificate in terms of FSC certified forest area and products being produced. There was no change since the previous evaluation."
6.12,"Changes to management situation"
,"The assessment team reviewed the management situation. Although there are some workers employed directly by the forestry association at the time of the main assessment, all of them were changed to contracted workers by this surveillance as like as other workers according to the change of management policy. However there was no significant change for their working conditions. No other material changes to the management situation were noted."
6.13,"Results of surveillance assessment"
,"Results of the surveillance assessment are recorded in the standard and checklist Annex 1 and any Non-compliances identified are given in Section 2 of this report. See also Issues arising below."
6.14,"Issues arising"
,"Where an issue was difficult to assess or contradictory evidence was identified this is discussed in the section below as an Issue and the conclusions drawn given."
"Ref","Issue"
,"None"
6.15,"Surveillance report approval"
,"Report approved by Emily Blackwell (Woodmark) and Nicholas Underhay (SA Certification)."
"include name of site visited, items seen and issues discussed"
"Describe key risks, control systems, identification of certified products and point at which scope of COC ends"
"Name, 3 line description of key qualifications and experience"
"7 S2"
7.0,"SECOND SURVEILLANCE"
7.1,"Surveillance Assessment dates"
,"27th and 28th June 2007"
7.2,"Estimate of person days to complete surveillance assessment"
,"4 person days"
7.3,"Surveillance Assessment team"
,"The assessment team consisted of: "
,"1)Shuhei Tomimura "
,"Tomimura is a professional consultant based in Tokyo, and representative of Tomimura Environment Research Office. His professional expertise is in the areas of forest ecology, forest conservation and engineering in the forestry domain. He received his forestry training and diploma from the Forestry Faculty of Kyoto Prefectural University. He also studied forest ecology at the National Forest Research Centre of France. Prior to establishing his own consultancy, Tomimura was employed for 23 years by Asia Air Survey Co., Ltd.. During this time, he acquired extensive international forestry experience in countries such as Morocco, Ivory Coast, Paraguay and Europe. He has also served as a Lecturer in the Ecology Faculty at Toyo College. Tomimura experienced more than 10 FM audits as lead inspector in Japan."
,"2)Naoya Ogawa"
,"Naoya Ogawa participated many FSC certification audits in Japan as a supporter. Ogawa is employed by AMITA Corporation and is the program coordinator for AMITA Corporation's Forest Certification Programme. He majored in forest science and holds a M.S. in agriculture studies from the University of Tokyo, Japan."
,"3) Kevin Jones"
,"Kevin Jones accompanied the auditors as an observer for training purposes. Kevin has a B.Sc. Ecological Science, M.Sc. Forestry and is a Member of the UK Institute of Chartered Foresters. He has experience of managing woodlands and forests for nature conservation, community and production objectives. He has been carrying out FSC forest and chain of custody assessments worldwide since 1996 and has managed the Woodmark FSC certification programme since 2001. "
,"Team members' c.v.'s are held on file at the Woodmark office."
7.4,"Assessment process"
,"27th June 2007"
,"site visit: Baba (group thinning), Nata factory (observation of bidding, separation of certified materials), Ooguchi (group thinning), Wasadani (group thinning, buffer zone), Kanahira (group thinning, interview with workers)"
,"28th June 2007"
,"site visit: Ootsuchi (group thinning), Hitani (group thinning, interview with workers), Kumasaka (group thinning, buffer zone)"
,"Inspection of management documents: Check for improvement of Conditions and Recommendations stipulated in the first surveillance report, reconfirm using Group (Multiple site) Certification Standard and Generic Standard and Checklist"
,"Inspectors review meeting, presentation of conclusions, discussion of recommendations, and discussion of next stages in certification process."
7.5,"Stakeholder consultation"
,"Stakeholders contacted are listed in Annex 2"
,"Issues raised by stakeholders are considered under Issues below in this section."
,"Observations are recorded in the Standard and Checklist"
7.6,"Review of corrective actions"
,"Action taken in relation to previously issued conditions is reviewed given in Section 2 of this report. "
7.7,"Justification for selection of items and places inspected"
,"At this annual monitoring, sites where some operation had been conducted was visited in order to check the progress of thinning and buffer zones. Un-visited sites were also visited. In addition, forest composition, undergrowth, productivity and health of forest by species (e.g. stand density and leaf condition), stability of forest road slopes, and treatment of thinned wood were observed during moving from site to site."
"7.7.1","Description of sites visited"
,"see annex 6"
7.8,"Tracking, tracing and identification of products"
,"Wood harvested from the certified forest is delivered to the factory of the forestry association. Uncertified wood is not delivered together. All harvest records are kept."
,"Secondary Processing by Forest Manager"
,"Subject of separate Chain of Custody report"
7.9,"Standard"
,"The forest was evaluated using the Soil Association Woodmark International Generic Standard and Checklist. This has been translated into Japanese and circulated through stakeholder consultation. No major comments on the standard have been received. A copy of the modified standard is available on request. A working group is currently working on a national standard, this will be used to update the Woodmark Standard in the future."
,"The group system was evaluated against the Woodmark Group (Multiple Site) Certification Standard and Checklist."
7.10,"Adaptations/Modifications to standard"
,"There were no changes to the standard used in the previous assessment"
7.11,"Confirmation of scope"
,"The assessment team reviewed the management situation. Kaga Forestry Association merged with the adjacent Hakusan Forestry Association in April 2007, and management area was increased to almost twice. However the forest products association chief system will be implemented in the Hakusan area in the future, then management system following FSC principles which has been conducted by Kaga Forestry Association will be established in the future. Therefore the forest area where the former Hakusan Forestry Association managed were excluded from the scope of the certification. It is planned to include the area at the time of re-evaluation audit."
7.12,"Changes to management situation"
,"The assessment team reviewed the management situation. No material changes to the management situation were noted."
7.13,"Results of surveillance assessment"
,"Results of the surveillance assessment are recorded in the standard and checklist Annex 1 and any Non-compliances identified are given in Section 2 of this report. See also Issues arising below."
7.14,"Issues arising"
,"Where an issue was difficult to assess or contradictory evidence was identified this is discussed in the section below as an Issue and the conclusions drawn given."
"Ref","Issue"
,"None"
7.15,"Surveillance report approval"
,"Report approved by Emily Blackwell (Woodmark) and Nicholas Underhay (SA Certification)."
"Name, 3 line description of key qualifications and experience"
"include name of site visited, items seen and issues discussed"
"Describe key risks, control systems, identification of certified products and point at which scope of COC ends"
"8 S3"
8.0,"THIRD SURVEILLANCE"
8.1,"Surveillance Assessment dates"
,"2nd and 3rd July 2008"
8.2,"Estimate of person days to complete surveillance assessment"
,"4 person days"
8.3,"Surveillance Assessment team"
,"The assessment team consisted of: "
,"1)Shuhei Tomimura "
,"Tomimura is a professional consultant based in Tokyo, and representative of Tomimura Environment Research Office. His professional expertise is in the areas of forest ecology, forest conservation and engineering in the forestry domain. He received his forestry training and diploma from the Forestry Faculty of Kyoto Prefectural University. He also studied forest ecology at the National Forest Research Centre of France. Prior to establishing his own consultancy, Tomimura was employed for 23 years by Asia Air Survey Co., Ltd.. During this time, he acquired extensive international forestry experience in countries such as Morocco, Ivory Coast, Paraguay and Europe. He has also served as a Lecturer in the Ecology Faculty at Toyo College. Tomimura experienced more than 10 FM audits as lead inspector in Japan."
,"2)Naoya Ogawa"
,"Naoya Ogawa participated many FSC certification audits in Japan as a supporter. Ogawa is employed by AMITA Corporation and is the program coordinator for AMITA Corporation's Forest Certification Programme. He majored in forest science and holds a M.S. in agriculture studies from the University of Tokyo, Japan."
,"Team members' c.v.'s are held on file at the Woodmark office."
8.4,"Assessment process"
,"2nd July 2008"
,"Inspection of management documents: Check for improvement of Conditions and Recommendations stipulated in the third surveillance report, and verify changes in management."
,"Site visits: Sakanoshimo (Collective thinning), lacquer plantations, Kayano (Collective thinning), Sosori-machi (Collective thinning), Miki (Interview with workers), and Katsuradani-machi (Collective thinning)"
,"3rd July 2008"
,"Site visits: Ikenojou (Collective thinning), Kamimimikuchi (Collective thinning), and Tsubono (Collective thinning)"
,"Inspection of management documents: Check for improvement of Conditions and Recommendations stipulated in the second surveillance report, reconfirm using Group (Multiple site) Certification Standard and Generic Standard and Checklist"
,"Inspectors review meeting, presentation of conclusions, discussion of recommendations, and discussion of next stages in certification process."
8.5,"Stakeholder consultation"
,"Stakeholders contacted are listed in Annex 2"
,"Issues raised by stakeholders are considered under Issues below in this section."
,"Observations are recorded in the Standard and Checklist"
8.6,"Review of corrective actions"
,"Action taken in relation to previously issued conditions is reviewed given in Section 2 of this report. "
8.7,"Justification for selection of items and places inspected"
,"In this surveillance audit, the places processed over the last one year were mainly checked to verify the progress of thinning and the formation of buffer zones. The sites that have not been checked during previous audits were also visited. In the visited sites, managers were interviewed on what operations were being done based on their purposes. In addition, while traveling around the sites, the structure of certified forests, the state of understory vegetation in forest stands, the productivity and health of tree species-specific forest stands including the density and foliation of living trees, the stability of forest road slopes, and the extraction and thinning operations were verified. Working parties (contractors) were interviewed."
"8.7.1","Description of sites visited"
,"see annex 6"
8.8,"Tracking, tracing and identification of products"
,"Wood harvested from the certified forest is delivered to the factory of the forestry association. Uncertified wood is not delivered together. All harvest records are kept."
,"Secondary Processing by Forest Manager"
,"Subject of separate Chain of Custody report"
8.9,"Standard"
,"The forest was evaluated using the Soil Association Woodmark International Generic Standard and Checklist. This has been translated into Japanese and circulated through stakeholder consultation. No major comments on the standard have been received. A copy"
,"The group system was evaluated against the Woodmark Group (Multiple Site) Certification Standard and Checklist."
8.10,"Adaptations/Modifications to standard"
,"There were no changes to the standard used in the previous assessment"
8.11,"Confirmation of scope"
,"The assessment team reviewed the management situation. Kaga Forestry Association merged with the adjacent Hakusan Forestry Association in April 2007, and management area was increased to almost twice. However the forest products association chief system w"
8.12,"Changes to management situation"
,"The assessment team reviewed the management situation. No material changes to the management situation were noted."
8.13,"Results of surveillance assessment"
,"Results of the surveillance assessment are recorded in the standard and checklist Annex 1 and any Non-compliances identified are given in Section 2 of this report. See also Issues arising below."
8.14,"Issues arising"
,"Where an issue was difficult to assess or contradictory evidence was identified this is discussed in the section below as an Issue and the conclusions drawn given."
"Ref","Issue"
,"None"
8.15,"Surveillance report approval"
,"Report approved by Emily Blackwell (Woodmark) and Nicholas Underhay (SA Certification)."
"Name, 3 line description of key qualifications and experience"
"include name of site visited, items seen and issues discussed"
"Describe key risks, control systems, identification of certified products and point at which scope of COC ends"
"7 Cert Rec"
,"Woodmark Certification Decision Recommendation"
"Description of client / certificate holder"
"Name:","Kaga Forestry Association"
"Code:","SA-FM/COC-1439"
"# of sites:","120 members"
"# of ha:","32,391"
"Presence of HCVF:","yes"
"Presence of indigenous people:","no"
"Summary of audit"
"Type","S3"
"Names of auditors:","Shuhei Tomimura, Naoya Ogawa"
"Name of report reviewer:","John Rogers"
"Report summary"
"# of pre-conditions",0
"# of conditions",1
"# of recommendations",5
"Describe any potentially contentious issues.","none"
"Location of report","Filed under: Forestry/Certification records"
"Recommendation"
"I have reviewed the report of this assessment (including stakeholder consultation and peer review summary as appropriate) and","I recommend that the certification decision for approval by Woodmark. /"
"Date:","2008/12/9"
"Approval"
"Certification decision:","Approved / "
"Name:","Nicholas Underhay"
"Signed:"
"Date:","2008/12/9"
"Woodmark South Plaza Marlborough Street Bristol BS1 3NX United Kingdom"
"Telephone (+44) (0) 117 914 2435 Fax (+44) (0) 117 314 5001"
"Email wm@soilassocation.org ● www.soilassociation.org/forestry"
"Soil Association Certification Ltd Company Registration No. 726903"
"A wholly-owned subsidiary of the Soil Association Charity No. 20686"
"MA/S1/S2/S3/S4/RA"
"Include: - any areas where there has been difficulty in assessing performance against a specific FSC criterion or where it has been necessary to seek further interpretation on a FSC criterion - any instances where non-compliances were observed but no condition or recommendation issued."
"A1 Generic checklist"
" prepared by EcoSylva Ltd on behalf of Soil Association Certification Ltd"
"ANNEX 1 GENERIC CHECKLIST"
"付属文书1 一般チェックリスト"
,,"NB - this checklist should be used in conjunction with the verifiers and guidance in the Woodmark Generic Standard"
"记号の说明"
,"MA","本审査 (Main-Assessment)"
,"S1","第1回年次监査 (Surveillance 1)"
,"S2","第2回年次监査 (Surveillance 2)"
,"S3","第3回年次监査 (Surveillance 3)"
,"S4","第4回年次监査 (Surveillance 4)"
"FSC ref 规格番号",,"Criteria/Norm 基准","Score 得点","CAR 改善要求"
,,"SCORING SUMMARY 得点集计"
,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #1: COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS AND FSC PRINCIPLES Forest management shall respect all applicable laws of the country in which they occur, and international treaties and agreements to which the country is a signatory, and comply with all FSC Principles and Criteria.","3.4 "
,,"FSC原则#1:法律とFSCの原则の顺守 森林管理は,日本の全ての法律及び日本が调印した全ての国际条约や合意を顺守する.また,「FSCの原则と规准」にも従う. "
,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #2: TENURE AND USE RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES - Long-term tenure and use rights to the land and forest resources shall be clearly defined, documented and legally established. ","3.3 "
,,"FSC原则#2:保有権,使用権および责务 土地や森林资源に関する,长期にわたる保有や使用の権利は,明确に规定されるとともに文书化され,また法的に确立されること. "
,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #3: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES' RIGHTS - The legal and customary rights of indigenous peoples to own, use and manage their lands, territories, and resources shall be recognised and respected. ","NA"
,,"FSC原则#3:先住民の権利 先住民が,彼らの土地やテリトリー,资源を所有,利用,そして管理する法的及び惯习的権利が认められ,尊重されること."
,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #4: COMMUNITY RELATIONS AND WORKER'S RIGHTS Forest management operations shall maintain or enhance the long-term social and economic well-being of forest workers and local communities. ",3.2
,,"FSC原则#4:地域社会との関系と労働者の権利 森林管理は,林业に従事するものと地域社会が,长期にわたり社会的,そして経済的に十分な便益を得られる状态を継続,あるいは高めるものであること."
,,"FSC PRINCIPLE # 5: BENEFITS FROM THE FOREST Forest management operations shall encourage the efficient use of the forest's multiple products and services to ensure economic viability and a wide range of environmental and social benefits. ","3.4 "
,,"FSC原则#5:森林のもたらす便益 森林管理は,経済的な継続性と,环境や社会が享受しているさまざまな便益とを确保できるよう,森林から得られる多様な生产物やサービスの効果的な利用を促进するものであること."
,,"PRINCIPLE #6: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Forest management shall conserve biological diversity and its associated values, water resources, soils, and unique and fragile ecosystems and landscapes, and, by so doing, maintain the ecological functions and the integrity of the forest.","3.9 "
,,"FSC原则#6:环境への影响 森林管理は,生物の多様性とそれに付随する価値,水资源,土壌,そしてかけがえのない,しかも壊れやすい生态系や景観を保全し,生态学的な机能や森林の健全さを维持するものであること."
,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #7: MANAGEMENT PLAN A management plan -- appropriate to the scale and intensity of the operations -- shall be written, implemented, and kept up to date. The long term objectives of management, and the means of achieving them, shall be clearly stated. ","3.3 "
,,"FSC原则#7:管理计画 森林において実施される事业の规模と内容に応じた适切な管理计画が文书化され,それに沿って事业が実施され,また,常に更新されること.また,长期的な见地に立った管理目标,目标达成のための手段が明确に提示されること."
,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #8: MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT Monitoring shall be conducted -- appropriate to the scale and intensity of forest management -- to assess the condition of the forest, yields of forest products, chain of custody, management activities and their social and environmental impacts. ","3.3 "
,,"FSC原则#8:モニタリングと评価 森林管理の规模と内容に応じた适切なモニタリングが,森林の状态,林产物の生产量,生产 加工 流通各段阶,管理作业およびそれらが社会や环境に与える影响を评価するために行われること."
,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #9: MAINTENANCE OF HIGH CONSERVATION VALUE FORESTS Management activities in high conservation value forests shall maintain or enhance the attributes that define such forests. Decisions regarding high conservation value forests shall always be considered in the context of a precautionary approach.","3.4 "
,,"FSC原则#9:保护価値の高い森林(HCVF)の保存 保护価値の高い森林の管理は,その森林の特质を维持,または高めるものでなければならない.保护価値の高い森林に関する决定は,常に慎重に行わなければならない."
,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #10: PLANTATIONS Plantations shall be planned and managed in accordance with Principles and Criteria 1 - 9, and Principle 10 and its Criteria. While plantations can provide an array of social and economic benefits, and can contribute to satisfying the world's needs for forest products, they should complement the management of, reduce pressures on, and promote the restoration and conservation of natural forests.","3.7 "
,,"FSC原则#10:植林 植林は,原则の1から9及び原则10とその规准とに従って计画および管理されるものとする.植林は,社会的,そして経済的便益を提供し,世界の林产物需要を満たすとともに,自然林の管理を补助し,自然林への利用圧を軽减し,その复元および保全を推进するものであること."
1,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #1: COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS AND FSC PRINCIPLES Forest management shall respect all applicable laws of the country in which they occur, and international treaties and agreements to which the country is a signatory, and comply with all FSC Principles and Criteria.","3.4 "
,,"FSC原则#1:法律とFSCの原则の顺守 森林管理は,日本の全ての法律及び日本が调印した全ての国际条约や合意を顺守する.また,「FSCの原则と规准」にも従う. "
1.1,,"Forest management shall respect all national and local laws and administrative requirements. ",4.5
,,"FSC规准1.1:森林管理は,全ての国际法,国内法及び各自治体の条例や行政的要求事项を顺守する. "
"1.1.1",,"There is no-evidence of outstanding claims of non-compliance with national and local laws and administrative requirements related to forest management.","V"
,,"森林管理に関连した国や地域の法律,行政上の要求事项に関して违反はない."
,"MA","All relevant laws and regulations are identified and there are documents describing regulations and maps showing protection forest, natural park, nature conservation area, landslide-threatened area, erosion endangerment designated area,natural monument, and wildlife sanctuary. 保安林,自然公园,自然环境保全地域,地すべり指定地,砂防指定地,天然记念物,鸟獣保护区等関连法令は全てとりまとめられ,地図,规制内容の文书がある. また,市町村森林整备计画と整合が図られている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.1.2",,"Forest managers demonstrate awareness of relevant codes of practice, guidelines or agreements."
,,"森林管理者は,関连する行动规准,指针,合意等に対する认识を有している."
,"MA","The overlap of its management area and the regulatory coverage of laws and regulations is shown in a figure, and this facilitates application of regulations to the site operations. 管理范囲と法指定范囲の重なりが図示され,规制内容の现地适用が容易にできる. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.1.3",,"There is no evidence of non-compliance with the spirit of any relevant codes of practice, guidelines or agreements."
,,"関连する行动规准,指针,合意等の精神に従っていないという事実はない."
,"MA","Spirit of compliance is consistent. 法顺守の精神は贯かれている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
1.2,,"All applicable and legally prescribed fees, royalties, taxes and other charges shall be paid.",4.5
,,"関连する法的に规定された料金,ローヤリティ,税そして他の费用は,全て払わなければならない."
"1.2.1",,"Forest managers can provide evidence that applicable fees, royalties, taxes and other applicable charges have been paid."
,,"森林管理者は料金,特许権使用料,税金そのほかの该当する费用等の支払い证拠を提出することができる."
,"MA","The tax payment certificate of the forestry association is available, andthe accounting procedure such as payment of tax is well-handled. 森林组合の纳税证明书があり,税金等経理処理は适切に行われている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
1.3,,"In signatory countries, the provisions of all binding international agreements such as CITES, ILO Conventions, ITTA, and Convention on Biological Diversity, shall be respected.",3
,,"CITES(ワシントン条约),ILO条约,ITTA(国际热帯木材协定),生物多様性条约等の国际的取り决めへの加盟国は,それらで,规定されているすべての事项に従わなければならない."
"1.3.1",,"Forest managers implement appropriate controls to ensure that CITIES provisions are respected."
,,"森林管理者はその地域のワシントン条约(CITES)を认识し,その规定を顺守するに相応しい活动を行っている."
,"MA","Not applicable. 该当しない. ","NA"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.3.2",,"Forest managers implement appropriate controls to ensure that ILO provisions appropriate to their region are respected. Implementation of the following ILO conventions is a minimum requirement for certification : 29, 87, 97, 98, 100, 105, 111, 131, 138, 141, 142, 143, 155, 169, 182, ILO Code of Practice on Safety and Health in Forest Work, Recommendation 135, Minimum Wage Fixing Recommendation, 1970."
,,"森林管理者はその地域に该当するILO条约を认识し,その规定を顺守するに相応しい活动を行っている.ILO条约87と98の実行は,认证の为の最低限の条件である."
,"MA","The right of collective bargaining which is included in ILO convention is permitted by domestic laws such as Labor Standards Law.For article 87 and 98 of ILO convention, see 4.3.Compliance with the FSC management including ILO convention will be requested to the contractors in the specification. However, except for the forestry association members, implementation of safety equipment is still in its planning process. See Condition 2005.1. ILO条约にかかる労働者の団体交渉権等は労働基准法等国内法で认められている.ILO条约87条と98条については4.3参照.本条约も含むFSC管理の顺守を请け负い者にも仕様书で指示を出すことになっている.ただ,安全装备に関して森林组合作业员以外は计画段阶である.条件2005.1参照 ","V"
,"S1","2006: Safety equipments are being improved. See 4.2. 2006: 安全装备については改良中である.4.2参照. ","V"
,"S2","2007: Safety equipments are being improved continuously. See 4.2. 2007: 安全装备は引き続き改良中である.4.2参照. ","V"
,"S3","The wearing ratio of safety equipment is summarized for each contractor, and contractors with low ratios have been given instructions. However, end-to-end improvements at the field level remain to be realized. 安全装备の装着率を委托会社ごとにまとめ,装着率の低いところには指导している.しかし,现场レベルまでの浸透は今后の课题として残っている. ","V"
,"S4"
"1.3.3",,"No child labour is used, national minimum age provisions are adhered to."
,,"児童労働は行われていない.最低年齢は守られている."
,"MA","Not applicable. 该当しない.","NA"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.3.4",,"National minimum wage provisions are adhered to."
,,"最低赁金は守られている."
,"MA","For Protection of valuable species, relevant policies and checklists for forest workers have been prepared. See 6.2a. 贵重种の保护についてはその方针と作业员用のチェックリストが准备されている.6.2 a参照 ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.3.5",,"There is no forced labour or debt bondage."
,,"强制労働や借金による拘束は行われていない."
,"MA","There is a designated area of Ramsar Convention. Even though it has no relation to forest operations, because it's located in the downstream area, the important obligation of the upstream forest to form an environmental forest is recognized. ラムサール条约の指定地がある.森林施业には直接関系はないが,下流部に存在するため,上流域森林の责务として环境林の形成の重要性を认识している. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.3.6",,"Forest managers implement appropriate controls to ensure that implications of ITTA provisions appropriate to their region are respected."
,,"森林管理者はその地域のITTA (国际热帯木材协定) を认识し,その规定を顺守するに相応しい活动を行っている."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.3.7",,"Forest managers implement appropriate controls to ensure that provisions of the Convention on Biological Diversity applicable in their region are respected."
,,"森林管理者はその地域に该当する生物多様性条约を认识し,その规定を顺守するに相応しい活动を行っている."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.3.8",,"Forest managers implement appropriate controls to ensure that other appropriate international agreements are respected."
,,"他の国际协定も顺守されている."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
1.4,,"Conflicts between laws, regulations and the FSC Principles and Criteria shall be evaluated for the purposes of certification, on a case by case basis, by the certifiers and the involved or affected parties.",4
,,"法令と「FSCの原则と规准」とが整合しない场合は,认证の目的に沿って,认证机関及び関连组织により状况に応じた评価がされなければならない."
"1.4.1",,"1.4.1 Conflicts between laws, regulations and the FSC Principles and Criteria are identified and evaluated by the forest managers, and brought to the attention of the inspection team."
,,"法律,规定と「FSCの原则と规准」の间の摩擦は森林管理者によって特定され,これは认证审査チームの承知事项でなければならない."
,"MA","There is no unconformity between the two. 両者间の不整合はない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
1.5,,"Forest management areas should be protected from illegal harvesting, settlement and other unauthorised activities.",3.5
,,"対象となる森林管理地域は,不法伐采や移住,またその他の无许可の行为から保护されなければならない."
"1.5.1",," The forest management unit is protected from harvesting activities and other activities not controlled by forest managers or local people with use rights (e.g. settlement, illegal harvesting, poaching)."
,,"管理対象の山林は,森林管理者または使用権を持つ地元の人々の管理下にない収获などの行为(植民,违法収获,密猟など)から保护されている."
,"MA","There is some illegal dumping of waste by forest users so several notice boards have been set by the association. When the illegal dumping occurs awfully, some wholesale cleanup activities are carried out simultaneously and/or it's reported to the police. A written procedure on prevention of illegal dumping exists. 森林利用者のゴミの不法投弃がある.组合で看板を支给して立てている.ひどい时には一斉にゴミを集める活动をしたり,警察に通报したりしている. 不法投弃防止の手顺书がある. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.5.2",,"1.5.2 Systems to identify and prevent unauthorised activities are in place."
,,"未许可の行为をモニタリング 阻止するシステムが存在する."
,"MA","Illegal dumping is checked at the time of dairy operations. Some illegal dumping has been seen on site. It needs to be further carried out thorough crackdown and inspection tour. See Recommendation 2005.2. ゴミの不法投弃は日々の作业时に确认している. 现地ではゴミの不法投弃が観察された.より一层の取り缔まりや巡视の彻底が必要. 推奨事项2005.2参照 ","V"
,"S1","2006: \"The Precautionary Guideline on Illegal Dumping and Forest Fire\" was created. \"Forest Patrol Report\", which are submitted by the forest products association chiefs on May, and \"The Debrief Report of Patrol\", which are submitted as needed, are applied. Illegal dumpings are found in each place, and they address those adequately by using the photographs as evidence. The cooperation with cities have been growing up. The signboards of illegal dumping have been set in each place. 2006: 不法投弃等及び山林火灾に関する予防指针 作成. 森林パトロール报告书 (5月に林产组合长が提出) 巡视结果报告书 (随时)を使用している.不法投弃が各地で発见され,写真を证拠记录として撮り,适切に処理を行っている.市町と连携が取れるようになってきている.また,不法投弃禁止の看板を各地に立てている. ","V"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.5.3",,"1.5.3 Managers have taken measures to stop illegal or unauthorised uses of the forest."
,,"管理者は森林における违法または未许可の行为を阻止する対策を実行している."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
1.6,,"Forest managers shall demonstrate a long-term commitment to adhere to the FSC Principles and Criteria.",4
,,"森林管理者は,「FSCの原则と规准」を长期にわたり厳守することを证明しなければならない."
"1.6.1",,"1.6.1 Forest managers shall provide a documented statement declaring their long-term commitment to comply with FSC Principles and Criteria."
,,"森林管理者は长期にわたってFSC原则と规准に従うこととする声明を出さなければならない."
,"MA","There is a statement in "ll: The basic principle" of Forest Management Policy. 「森林管理方针 II基本方针」に声明がある. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"1.6.2",,"1.6.2 Forest managers shall declare any areas under their control but not included within the scope of the certification evaluation."
,,"森林管理者は管理下にあって认证审査の范囲に含まれていない场所について示さなければならない."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
2,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #2: TENURE AND USE RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES - Long-term tenure and use rights to the land and forest resources shall be clearly defined, documented and legally established. ","3.3 "
,,"FSC原则#2:保有権,使用権および责务 土地や森林资源に関する,长期にわたる保有や使用の権利は,明确に规定されるとともに文书化され,また法的に确立されること. "
2.1,,"Clear evidence of long-term forest use rights to the land (e.g. land title, customary rights, or lease agreements) shall be demonstrated.",3
,,"対象となる土地を长期にわたり森林として使用する権利(土地の所有権,惯习上の権利,赁贷契约など)が明确に证明されていなければならない."
"2.1.1",,"2.1.1 Legal ownership or tenure can be proved and is not subject to dispute. "
,,"法的所有権または保有権の证明が可能で,争议の対象になっていない."
,"MA","The legal status of Kaga forestry association and each name of the forest owners are clear. かが森林组合の法的资格と各森林所有者の氏名は明らかである. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"2.1.2",,"2.1.2 A map is available clearly showing legal boundaries."
,,"法的な境界线を明确に表した地図がある."
,"MA","Boundaries of each private forest are clear on the map, but a part of them are unclear on the site. Mapping and Classification (such as pile driving and measurement) of the boundaries are promoted annually by subsidies. In addition, there are some boundaries which is not clear for third persons. Permanaent pruning shall be carried out in areas where group harvesting has been conducted. See Recommendation 2005.3. 各所有者の所有森林の境界は,地図上では明确であるが,现地では一部不明了である.交付金により毎年境界の明确化(くい打ち,测量),図化を进めている. 集団间伐を行う前には所有者の立ち会いを行い,境界を明确にしている. また,林地の境界が第三者には不明了である场所がある. 集団间伐したところから顺次永久杭打ちの継続が必要.推奨事项2005.3参照. ","V"
,"S1","2006: They carry forward the clarification of the boundaries at group thinning by utilising \"Support Subsidy for Local Forest Activity\". The plastic stakes are buried in the boundaries. The activity will continue in future. 2006: 森林地域活动支援交付金 を活用しながら,集団间伐时の境界の明确化を进めている.境界にはプラスチック杭を埋め込んでいる.活动は今后も続く. ","V"
,"S2","2007: Clarification of the boundaries at group thinning is continued. It is required in the future that clarification with using GPS and GIS that are planned to be implemented should be conducted. See Recommendation 2007.2 2007: 集団间伐时の境界の明确化は引き続き进められている.今后は,予定されているGPSやGISを活用した境界确定を进めることも望まれる.推奨事项2007.2参照. ","V"
,"S3","Implemented GIS and GPS are poorly working together, and have yet to be operational. GISとGPSを导入したが,双方のマッチングが悪く,まだ稼働していない. ","V"
,"S4"
"2.1.3",,"2.1.3 Land is dedicated to long term forest management."
,,"森林管理を行っている土地の长期的维持に努めている."
,"MA","The fact that the owners have joined the FSC certification membership shows their willingness to retain their lands for a long term. The management planning plans for more than one rotation. 所有者がFSC认证林メンバーとして参加したことが土地の长期维持の意志を表している.また,管理计画は1伐期以上となっている. ","V"
,"S1"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"2.1.4",,"2.1.4Communities have clear, credible and officially recognised evidence, endorsed by the communities themselves, of collective ownership and control of the lands they customarily own or otherwise occupy and use."
,,"地域社会は,采集の権利や,伝统的に土地の所有または占有,使用している土地の管理について,明确で,信頼性があり,公式に认められた证拠を所持しており,それは地域社会自身によって承认されている."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
2.2,,"Local communities with legal or customary tenure or use rights shall maintain control, to the extent necessary to protect their rights or resources, over forest operations unless they delegate control with free and informed consent to other agencies.",3.5
,,"地域社会(住民)の法的,惯习的保有権あるいは使用権は,地域社会(住民)が森林施业を行う上で必要な権利や资源が确保される范囲で行使されるべきである.ただし,地域社会が,自由意志により,同意を行った上で,管理を他の机関に委托した场合を除く."
"2.2.1",,"2.2.1 All legal or customary tenure or use rights to the forest resource of all local communities are clearly documented and mapped by the forest managers."
,,"地域社会の森林资源全ての法的又は习惯的保有権または使用権は,森林管理者によって明确に文书化 地図化されている."
,"MA","Customary rights of local communities, such as harvesting of naturally occurring wild vegetables and mushrooms, are secured. 地域住民の山菜 キノコ采集など自然発生物の采集の惯习的権利を认めている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"2.2.2",,"2.2.2 All legal or customary tenure or use rights to the forest resource of all local communities are recognised and respected in forest management planning and practice."
,,"地域社会の森林资源全ての法的または习惯的保有権または使用権は,森林管理计画とその実践において认められ尊重されている."
,"MA","It's respected. 尊重されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"2.2.3",,"2.2.3 Forest managers provide local communities control over forest operations to the extent necessary to protect their rights and resources."
,,"地域社会の権利と森林资源を守るのに必要な范囲内において,地域社会は森林施业に携わっている."
,"MA","Some activities have been performed such as "Group for afforestation of fishermen forests", Afforestation project of Lions Club, on demand lectures at social studies classes in elementary schools and other volunteer activities. However, basically the local community is actively engaged through the Forest Products Association Chief System. 渔民の森を作る会,ライオンズクラブの植林,小学校社会科の授业に出前讲座,その他ボランテイア活动が行われているが,基本的に地域社会が林产组合长制度を通じて积极的に関わっている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
2.3,,"Appropriate mechanisms shall be employed to resolve disputes over tenure claims and use rights. The circumstances and status of any outstanding disputes will be explicitly considered in the certification evaluation. Disputes of substantial magnitude involving a significant number of interests will normally disqualify an operation from being certified.",3.5
,,"保有権に関しての主张や使用権に関する论争を解决するため,适切な手段が讲じられなければならない.认证评価の际には,あらゆる未解决论争についての详细や状况が全て考虑に入れられる.重大な利害関系を含む重要な论争が未解决の场合,通常,管理に関する认证は不的确とされる."
"2.3.1",,"2.3.1 Mechanisms exist for resolution of disputes between the forest managers and the local community over tenure claims and use rights."
,,"森林管理者と地域社会间の保有権 使用権の争议を解决するために相応しいシステムが存在する."
,"MA","If the boundaries of private forests are not clear, it is solved through discussions at present. A manual for settlement of a boundary dispute was prepared. 森林所有者间の所有林地の境界が不明な际には,现在话し合いで解决している.境界纷争の解决マニュアルは作成されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Long-term consignment of operations will begin this year. Boundaries that are still unclear will be clarified on the fly. While sugi plantations have clear boundaries, many parts of broad-leaved forests on upper slopes are unclearly bounded. Negotiations with relevant agencies are underway so that a demarcation project (cadastral survey) will be approved the next fiscal year or later. 长期施业委托を今年から开始する予定.その中で,まだ不明确な境界を明确にしていく. スギの植林地は境界が分かっても,斜面上部の広叶树は境界が分からない个所も多い.来年度以降境界画定の事业(地籍调査)を采択してもらるよう関系机関と折冲中. ","V"
,"S4"
"2.3.2",,"2.3.2 Mechanisms for dispute resolution are respected in the event of any dispute between local communities and forest managers regarding tenure claims and use rights."
,,"地域社会と森林管理者との间の保有権 使用権の争议の际には,争议解决システムが尊重されている."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"2.3.3",,"2.3.3 Management policy and operational procedures exist which require that, in case of a dispute or disagreement between the local community and the forest managers concerning land rights, forestry operations which prejudice the future enjoyment of such rights by the community are halted until the dispute is resolved."
,,"地域社会と森林管理者间の土地の権利に関する争议で,地域社会の将来的な権利を保证しない森林管理业务は,争议の解决をみるまでは停止されることを规定する管理指针や手顺が存在する."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"2.3.4",,"2.3.4 Forest managers provide access to forest resources for local communities without legal or customary land rights, where such access does not prejudice the achievement of management objectives."
,,"森林管理の目标,目的を侵害しない范囲において,法的あるいは,惯习的権利を有さない地域社会に対しても,森林资源にアクセスできるよう,努力が図られている."
,"MA","It's free to access the forest. 森林へのアクセスは自由である. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"2.3.5",,"2.3.5 There is no evidence of any unresolved dispute of substantial magnitude involving a significant number of interests regarding tenure and use rights "
,,"保有権 使用権に関する未解决の重大な争议は见あたらない."
,"MA","No major dispute. 重大な争议はない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
3,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #3: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES' RIGHTS - The legal and customary rights of indigenous peoples to own, use and manage their lands, territories, and resources shall be recognised and respected. ","NA"
,,"FSC原则#3:先住民の権利 先住民が,彼らの土地やテリトリー,资源を所有,利用,そして管理する法的及び惯习的権利が认められ,尊重されること."
3.1,,"Indigenous peoples shall control forest management on their lands and territories unless they delegate control with free and informed consent to other agencies.","NA"
,,"先住民の土地やテリトリーについては,先住民が森林管理の统御を行えるものとする.ただし,先住民が,自由意志により,情报に基づいた同意をしたうえで,管理を他の机関に委托している场合を除く."
"3.1.1",,"3.1.1 The identity, location and population of all indigenous and traditional peoples including migratory groups living in the vicinity of the management area are documented by the forest managers."
,,"管理区域の付近に住む,移住性のグループを含む全ての先住民や伝统民の独自性,居住地,人口は森林管理者により文书化されている."
"3.1.2",,"3.1.2 All claims to lands, territories or customary rights within the management area are documented and/or clearly mapped."
,,"管理区域内の土地,テリトリー,または习惯的権利に関する全ての要求事项は文书化され明确に地図化されている."
"3.1.3",,"3.1.3 The communities concerned have identified themselves as indigenous or tribal"
,,"関系する地域社会は自分自身を先住民または部族と认识している."
"3.1.4",,"3.1.4 Forest management operations do not take place in areas identified in norm 3.1.2 above, without clear evidence of the free and informed consent of the indigenous or traditional peoples claiming such land, territory or customary rights."
,,"上の规准3.1.2で地図化される地域においては,その土地,テリトリーまたは习惯的権利を要求する先住民の,情报に基づいた自由意志による同意がないかぎり,いかなる种类の森林管理施业も行われない."
3.2,,"Forest management shall not threaten or diminish, either directly or indirectly, the resources or tenure rights of indigenous peoples.","NA"
,,"森林管理は,直接的あるいは间接的を问わず,先住民の使用资源を胁かしてはならないとともに缩小してもならない."
"3.2.1",,"3.2.1 Before a forestry operation under outside management commences near an indigenous people's lands, any potential shared boundaries of the community's lands shall be physically demarcated under the supervision of the community."
,,"先住民の土地付近において,管理外の施业であっても,そのような作业が行われる前には,地域社会の有する潜在的な土地利用を调べ,地域社会の监视の下,物理的に明确な境界を定めなければならない."
"3.2.2",,"3.2.2 The forestry management operation shall document any potential threats, direct or indirect, to the resources or rights of such indigenous peoples (e.g. disturbance to water resources and wildlife)."
,,"森林施业が及ぼす,先住民の资源や権利への直接的 间接的な影响について文书化しなくてはならない(例:水源,野生生物の撹乱)."
"3.2.3",,"3.2.3 The forestry management operation shall have documented policies and procedures to prevent any encroachment, or direct or indirect threat to the resources or rights of such indigenous peoples."
,," 森林管理が及ぼす,先住民の资源や権利への侵害や直接的 间接的な影响を防止するために,文书化された适切な方针と手顺を所持しなくてはならない."
"3.2.4",,"3.2.4 Traditional access for subsistence uses and traditional activities is granted"
,,"先住民の土地の,またはその近くの,彼らが有する资源に対する不虑の损害に対しては,彼ら自身の地域社会が定めた基准によって补偿されなくてはならない."
3.3,,"Sites of special cultural, ecological, economic or religious significance to indigenous peoples shall be clearly identified in co-operation with such peoples, and recognised and protected by forest managers.","NA"
,,"先住民にとり,文化的,生态的,経済的あるいは宗教的に重要な意味をもつ特别な土地に関しては,先住民との间で明确に确认されなければならない.また,森林管理者はこれを承认するとともに,保护しなければならない."
"3.3.1",,"3.3.1 Policies and procedures for the identification, recording and mapping of sites of archaeological, religious, historical or other cultural sensitivity prior to the commencement of forest management activities in the forest management area as a whole are documented and have been implemented. "
,,"森林管理を始める前までに,管理区内における考古学的,宗教的,歴史的,その他文化的に重要な土地の特定,记录,地図化に関する方针と手顺は文书化され,実践されている."
"3.3.2",,"3.3.2 The policies and procedures include the involvement of Indigenous peoples in the identification of such areas."
,,"方针と手続きには,そのような土地の确认に先住民が参加することも含まれている."
"3.3.3",,"3.3.3 Policies and procedures for the identification and protection of such sites during management operations (e.g. harvesting, road building, etc) are documented and implemented."
,,"森林管理施业(例:収获,林道建设など)が行われる间に実施される,そのような土地の特定と保护に関する方针と手顺は文书化され実践されている."
"3.3.4",,"3.3.4 Policies and procedures for the appropriate protection or management of identified sites are documented and implemented. "
,,"特定された土地の适切な保护や管理に関する方针や手顺は,文书化され実践される."
"3.3.5",,"3.3.5 All plans for the protection or management of such sites are subject to the full and informed consent of representatives of indigenous peoples."
,,"そのような土地の保护や管理に関する全ての计画は,先住民の代表の,情报に基づいた十分な賛同を得なくてはならない."
3.4,,"Indigenous peoples shall be compensated for the application of their traditional knowledge regarding the use of forest species or management systems in forest operations. This compensation shall be formally agreed upon with their free and informed consent before forest operations commence.","NA"
,,"先住民は,彼等が持つ森林に生息する种の利用方法や,森林の管理方法に関する伝统的な知识が使用された场合には,それらについての代偿を受けなければならない.この代偿については,森林管理を开始する以前に,先住民の,自由意志による,情报に基づいた正式な同意を得なければならない."
"3.4.1",,"3.4.1 Managers have recorded known applications of traditional knowledge (e.g. regarding the use of forest species or management systems) in the forest operations."
,,"管理者は森林施业への伝统的な知识の适用について全て记录している.(例:森林生物种の使用または管理システムに関して)"
"3.4.2",,"3.4.2 Local communities have been informed of such applications, including the potential commercial benefits of such applications to the forest management enterprise."
,,"地域社会は,そのような适用から生じる森林管理主体への潜在的な商业的利益を含めて全て,说明を受けている."
"3.4.3",,"3.4.3 Local communities are compensated for any such applications, in accordance with prior agreements."
,,"地元社会は,事前合意にもとづき,そのような适用について十分に补偿されている."
4,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #4: COMMUNITY RELATIONS AND WORKER'S RIGHTS Forest management operations shall maintain or enhance the long-term social and economic well-being of forest workers and local communities. ",3.2
,,"FSC原则#4:地域社会との関系と労働者の権利 森林管理は,林业に従事するものと地域社会が,长期にわたり社会的,そして経済的に十分な便益を得られる状态を継続,あるいは高めるものであること."
4.1,,"The communities within, or adjacent to, the forest management area should be given opportunities for employment, training, and other services.",3.5
,,"森林管理区域内の地域社会,もしくは隣接する地域社会に,雇用,训练そして他のサービスを受ける机会が与えられなければならない."
"4.1.1",,"4.1.1 Local and forest-dependent people have equal access to employment and training opportunities."
,,"地元または森林に依存している人々には雇用や训练の机会が等しく与えられなければならない."
,"MA","森林组合の従业员は地元雇用である. 下请労働者(造林事业体等)も地元である. The employees of the forest association are hired locally. The subcontractors (afforestation business entity, etc.) are also from the local area. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","変更なし No change","V"
,"S4"
"4.1.2",,"4.1.2 Appropriate to the size, type and location of the forest management enterprise, members of local communities are provided with access to basic services (e.g. health and education)."
,,"森林管理主体の规模,种类,场所に相応な范囲で,地域社会の住民に健康や教育といった基本的なサービスを提供しなければならない."
,"MA","The communication with local residents is going well through Forest Products Association Chief System. It contributes to provision of clean water. Some forest education instructors are dispatched to elementary / junior high schools. The activity of creating fisherman's forest is carried out in cooperation with the forestry association. Some volunteer activities are carried out in the association member's forest. Lions Club's activities are carried out. A promotion event for citizens is held on Forestry Association Day. A briefing session which informs woods flow from mountains to homes has been held by Kaga forestry association as a prefectural activity for the residents of the prefecture. MOKUMOKU Craft Center has public use their processing machineries for a fee. On weekdays, 10 people, and on holidays, 40-50 people use them per day. Wood offcuts produced from the factory of the association are provided to the local residents for fuel. Recently, Minami-Kaga timber cooperative association has started using the material as fuelwood for their drying facility. There are a lot of other activities for public. Thanks to thinning, the forest floor became to be able to let in light and many wild vegetables grow, and it became to be appreciated by the local residents. 林产组合长制度を通じて,地域とのコミュニケーションは良好である. 清水の供与に贡献している. 小中学校の森林教育の讲师を派遣している. 渔民の森を作る活动が森林组合とともに行われている. 组合员の森でボランティアの活动が行われている. ライオンズクラブの活动が行われている. 森林组合デーには,住民に対する普及启発イベントを开催している. 県の活动として,県民を対象とし,山から家までの木材の流れを说明する会をかが森林组合で行った. もくもく工房で一般の方に加工机械などを有料で利用してもらっている.平日には10人程度,休日には1日40～50人利用する. 组合の工场から出た端材を,ストーブの燃料として地域住民に提供している.最近は南加贺木材协同组合の乾燥施设の燃料として使用している. その他一般の方に対する活动多数.间伐により,林床に光が入り山菜が取れるようになって,地域住民に感谢されるようになった. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","変更なし No change","V"
,"S4"
"4.1.3",,"4.1.3 Workers are not discriminated in hiring, advancement, dismissal, remuneration and employment related social security"
,,"労働者は雇用,升进,解雇,雇用に関する社会保障において差别されてはならない."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","差别は确认 报告されていない. No discrimination was reported or seen. ","V"
,"S4"
"4.1.4",,"4.1.4 Wages or income of self-employed or contractors are at least as high as those in comparable occupations in the same region and in no case lower than the established minimum wage."
,,"被雇用者または请负者の収入は同じ地域の同様の职业と比较して最低限同じでなければならず,また定められた最低赁金以下であってはならない."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","収入は最低赁金以下ではない. Wages are not lower than the established minimum wage. ","V"
,"S4"
4.2,,"Forest management should meet or exceed all applicable laws and/or regulations covering health and safety of employees and their families.",3
,,"森林管理は,労働者やその家族の健康や安全に関する全ての関连法律や関连规则を満たさなければならない."
"4.2.1",,"4.2.1 Managers are familiar with relevant health and safety guidelines and regulations."
,,"管理者は,该当する健康と安全规则を熟知している."
,"MA","There is an administrative provision for Occupational Safety and Health, which describes legal matters.Also, "Safety Management Criteria" and "Safety Equipment for each operation (explanations with photos)" were prepared. 労働安全卫生管理规定があり,法的な内容が记载されている.また, 安全管理基准 ,「作业种ごとの安全装备(写真で解说)」作成. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"4.2.2",,"4.2.2 Managers have assessed the risk to workers of particular tasks and equipment, and take measures to reduce or eliminate such risks."
,,"管理者は业务内容や使用する机器による従业员への危険度を査定し,それを軽减または除去するためにしかるべき処置を施している."
,"MA","Risk assessment and countermeasures are provided in the "Safety Management Criteria". 安全管理基准 で危険度を评価し対策を立てている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"4.2.3",,"4.2.3 Safety training is carried out, relevant to the tasks of workers and the equipment used."
,,"従业员の业务と使用する机器に见合った安全训练が実行されている."
,"MA","Association's workers can get qualifications at the expense of the association. Only qualified workers can perform the operations. There is an activity to learn from experts. New workers take courses in chainsaw and weeding, and after that, are trained through on-sight operations. There is a clarification list of the association's staff and workers. A monthly group leader meeting is held. 组合の作业员には组合の费用で资格を取らせている.作业は有资格者のみが行う.熟练の人に习いに行く活动も行っている. 新入作业员には,チェーンソーと下刈りの讲习の后,现场での作业を通して训练する. 组合职员,作业员の资格一覧表がある. 毎月1回班长会议を行っている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","The forestry association request each contractor to gain qualifications, and contractors do so. They have information of qualifications of contractors. They also apply for the training by Green Employment Project by the National Federation of Forestry Association, and new workers receive training by them for a year. The president of the forestry association is also a member of Health and Safety Committee of the National Federation, and is indicated to instruct workers thoroughly. 资格の取得は各事业体に依頼し,各事业体において取得している.资格取得の有无は把握している.全国森林组合连合会の绿の雇用事业にも応募しており,そこでの1年间の研修は训练を兼ねる.组合长も全国森林组合の労働安全委员会に入っており,より一层指导をするよう指示されている. ","V"
,"S4"
"4.2.4",,"4.2.4 Workers are provided with safety equipment, relevant to the tasks of workers and the equipment used."
,,"従业员の业务と使用する机器に见合った安全装备が支给されている."
,"MA","Current safety equipment of all workers doesn't meet ILO standard. First Aid Kits are equipped to each team. Each operation team goes to their job site by minicoach which is equipped with radio communication equipment. Satellite cellular phones are taken along when especially dangerous operation is performed. Safety equipment is already provided to the forestry association members. In the following year, forest manager will request for its improvement to the contractors and material production industries, See Condition 2005.1. 现在全作业员の安全装备はILOの基准を満たしていない.救急箱は各班に装备されている.各作业班はマイクロバスで现场まで移动するが,そのバスには无线机がついている.特に危険な作业を行う场合には,卫星携帯电话を携帯している.安全装备については,森林组合员には支给済み.委托业者,素材生产业者には今后1年かけて改善を依頼していく.条件2005.1参照. ","V",,"ari"
,"S1","2006: Guidances are provided with the photographs of safety equipments comprehensively at morning meetings. In addition, the safety trainning program and check by safety patrol are implemented. Questionnaires of the deployment of safety equipments by each contractor were carried out, and it was found that they have not deployed completely yet. On the site, wearing of the appropriate safety equipments was confirmed. 2006: 朝礼时に安全装备の写真等を用いて分かりやすく指导を行っている.また,安全教育讲习を実施したり,安全パトロールでのチェックを行っている.各请负业者へ安全装备の配备状况のアンケートを実施した.まだ完全には配备されていない.现场では适切な安全装备の装着が确认された. ","V"
,"S2","2007: Expensive safety equipments are provided and/or subsidised. 2007: 高価な安全装备については支给及び补助を行っている. ","V"
,"S3","Forest managers have had working parties regularly present the reports on implementation of safety equipment. The wearing ratio of safety equipment is calculated for each working party (contractor), and parties with low ratios are being instructed in an emphasized manner. Implementation of safety equipment in the field was insufficient. See condition 2008.1 各作业班に安全装备実施报告书を継続して提出してもらっている.装着率を作业班ごとに算出し,率が低いところには特に指导を强化している.ただし,现场レベルでの彻底が不十分.条件2008.1 ","V"
,"S4"
"4.2.5",,"4.2.5 Managers take measures to ensure that workers use any safety equipment that is provided."
,,"管理者は,従业员が支给された安全装备を确実に使用するよう対策を施している."
,"MA","It's checked by inspection tours. However, concerning the status of use of Safety Equipment, it still needs to be confirmed thoroughly by the managers. Therefore, this needs to be further monitored. See Condition 2005.1. 巡视を行い确认しているが,安全装备の使用状况については管理者がさらに确认 彻底する必要がある.そのため,今后确认の必要がある.条件2005.1参照. ","V",,"ari"
,"S1","2006: Same as avobe. 2006: 同上. ","V"
,"S2","2007: Safety patrol is conducted once or twice a year by each branch office and recorded on a checklist. On-site supervisors confirm safety once a week at minimum. Weekly general morning meeting and monthly group leaders' meeting are conducted at Komatsu and Tatsunokuchi branch, and weekly group leaders' meeting and monthly general safety meeting are conducted at Kaga and Yamanaka branch. Meeting results are fed back to all workers. Questionnaire on implementation of safety equipments are conducted. The usage rate of safety trousers is low. Instruction is made by oral when workers don't ware safety equipments on site. When condition is not improved instruction is made through manager of contracted companies. Workers interviewed during the surveillance wore appropriate safety equipments. It is required check safety equipments by workers themselves with using checklist. See Condition 2007.1. 2007: 安全パトロールを支所ごとに年1,2回実施し,チェックリストに记录している.日常では现场监督が最低1周间に1回は确认している.小松 辰口は周1回の全员朝礼と月1回の班长会议,加贺 山中は周1回の班长会议と月1回の全作业员参加の安全会议を行い,全体にフィードバックしている. また,装着状况に関するアンケートを行っている.安全ズボンの使用率は低い. 持っている安全装备を装着していないときには口头で注意している.装着していない状况が続いたときには请负业者の経営者を通じて指导する. 监査中に面会した作业员は适切な安全装备を着用していた.作业员自らが作业时にチェックリストを用いて确认することが必要.条件2007.1参照. ","V"
,"S3","They prepared and have used the job safety checklist since around April. The challenges for safety have been listed for each party. They discuss about these issues in monthly safety meetings, and give instructions as needed. Implementation of safety equipment in the field was insufficient. 作业安全チェックリスト を作成し,4月ごろから使用を开始している.班别安全课题を整理している.月1回の安全会议でこれらの结果について话し合いを行い,指导している.现场レベルでの彻底はまだ不十分. ","V"
,"S4"
"4.2.6",,"4.2.6 Managers implement an accident reporting system that includes all work related accidents and deaths of employees, their causes, corrective action taken to prevent similar accidents in future."
,,"管理者は,仕事による従业员の事故と死亡,そしてその原因を记录し,将来において同様の事态を缲り返さないための予防処置を立て,それを実行している."
,"MA","In the case of accident, it will be reported to the forestry association without fail, and reported to also Labor Standards Inspection Office to apply to worker's compensation. If accidents happen often, even if in neighbourhood area, some training sessions are held. 事故があった场合には必ず森林组合に报告し,労灾の适用のために労働基准监督署に报告している.他の地域を含め事故が多発した时には,讲习会を开いている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Even a minor accident has been reported to the prefecture. 小さな事故でも県に报告している. ","V"
,"S4"
"4.2.7",,"4.2.7 There is assured compensation benefits in case of accidents."
,,"事故の场合は补偿が出る."
,"MA","All of the association's workers are applicable to the worker's compensation and also covered by voluntary insurance. Subcontract will be only arranged to the subcontractors who apply worker's compensation to their employees. This will be ensured by checking copies of workers' compensation. 组合职员は全员労灾の适用がある.上乗せ保険にも个人で加入している. 请负作业も作业员が労灾に入っている事业体にしか発注しない.労灾のコピーを确认している. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","The forest association has indemnity insurance. It is necessary to confirm whether or not contractors carry an industrial injury insurance policy. 森林组合で损害赔偿の保険にも入っている.委托事业体における労灾加入状况の确认が必要である. ","V"
,"S4"
"4.2.8",,"4.2.8 Health and safety measures comply with national minimum requirements."
,,"全国的にみて安全卫生対策の最低限は守られている."
,"MA","It's complied. 守られている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","It's complied. 守られている. ","V"
,"S4"
"4.2.9",,"4.2.9 Where workers stay in camps, conditions for accommodation and nutrition comply at least with ILO Code of Practice on Safety and Health in Forestry"
,,"労働者がキャンプで生活している场合,居住环境や栄养状态は,ILOの林业における安全卫生の行动基准に最低限従わなければならない."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Not applicable. 该当しない. ","n/a"
,"S4"
4.3,,"The rights of workers to organise and voluntarily negotiate with their employers shall be guaranteed as outlined in Conventions 87 and 98 of the International Labour Organisation (ILO).",3
,,"労働组合を组织し,雇用主との自発的な交渉を行う労働者の権利は,ILO条约第87,98で概说されているように,保证されなければならない."
"4.3.1",,"4.3.1 Employment conditions comply with International Labour Organisation convention 87 (see Annex 2) - This Convention relates to the rights of workers to: freedom of association and protection of the right to organise."
,,"雇用状态はILO条约87(付录2参照)を顺守している.この条约は従业员の结社の自由の権利と団结権の保护を求めるものである."
,"MA","The articles of ILO Convention are prepared. Working regulations exist, but as for subcontractors, they are unchecked. However, labour's right for collective bargaining is assured by the domestic laws such as Labor Standards Law. ILO条约の条文は备えられている.作业员の就业规则がある.委托业者については确认していない.ただし,労働者の団体交渉権は労働基准法等国内法で保障されている. ","V"
,"S1","2006: Condition of contractors needs to be checked. 2006: 委托业者について确认が必要. ","V"
,"S2","2007: No special discussion was made. Discussion on contract fee is held as necessary, but a unit price is the same for all contractors. Recently discussion on wage with staff was made in April 2007. 2007: 特に确认を行っていない.委托金额については适宜话し合いを行っているが,単価はどの业者に対しても同じである.直近では19年4月に职员との间で赁金について话し合いを行った. ","V"
,"S3","President and secretary have a meeting with contractors once a year. Working conditions of staff members within a contractor are up to the representative (group leader) of the contractor. 委托业者との间では,1年に1回,组合长及び参事が话し合いを行っている.委托业者内での职员の待遇については委托业者の代表(班长)に任せている. ","V"
,"S4"
"4.3.2",,"4.3.2 Employment conditions comply with International Labour Organisation convention 98 (see Annex 2) - This Convention relates to the rights of workers to: organise and bargain collectively."
,,"雇用状态はILO条约98(付录2参照)を顺守している.この条约は従业员の団结権および団体交渉権を求めるものである."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","2006 – Same as above. 2006 – 同上. ","V"
,"S2","2007 – Same as above. 2007 – 同上. ","V"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
4.4,,"Management planning and operations shall incorporate the results of evaluations of social impact. Consultations shall be maintained with people and groups directly affected by management operations. ",3
,,"管理计画や管理方法は,社会的な影响に関する评価结果に配虑がなされなければならない.森林管理により直接影响を受ける人々やグループとの协议は継続して行わなければならない."
"4.4.1",,"4.4.1 There are systems in place that provide an evaluation of the social impact , appropriate to the size and intensity of their operations that: - identifies affected groups - includes consultation with affected groups - identifies the main impacts of the operation on those groups - specifies measures to ameliorate identified negative impacts - provides for regular contact with affected groups to monitor effectiveness of measures."
,,"管理者は森林管理の规模と集约度に即して,以下の项目を含めた社会的影响の评価を行っている: - 影响されるグループの特定 - そのグループとの协议 - そのグループに対する施业の主な影响の特定 - 悪影响を改善する手法の明确化 - 上记手法の効果を评価するための,そのグループへとの定期的な连络 "
,"MA","Fishery associations were listed. Meetings will be held once every five years. Several meetings with the fishery associations have been held and recorded. Comments from the area meetings are also recorded. No claims from the community have been found in such records. 渔协をリストアップした.话し合いは5年に1度行う. 鱼协とは数度の话し合いあり,记录も取っている.地区说明会での意见も记录している.地域からの苦情はその中でない. ","V",,"ari"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","2007: Forest managers have high social awareness and recognise their role in the society well. They listed stakeholders, their needs, and measures to be taken in the management plan. 2007: 森林管理者は社会に対する高い意识を持ち,社会の中での自分たちの役割をよく认知している.管理计画书の中で,利害関系者とそれらのニーズ,そして取るべき対応を示している. ","V"
,"S3","District round-table talks are held annually. Operations have been suspended following a demand by the local fishermen's cooperative concerned with possible impacts on spawning seasons. There are many demands for brighter forests through promotion of maintenance such as thinning. To the prefecture, the forest association promotes their commitment to contribute to improvements of biodiversity in village forests, including Satoyama Summits. 地区座谈会を毎年开催している.地元渔协から产卵期に影响を与える施业の中止要请があり,中止している. 间伐推进等の森の手入れを进め,明るい森にしてほしいという要望は多い. 里山の生物多様性向上に当组合の林业事业が寄与していることを県にアピールしている(里山サミット等). ","V"
,"S4"
"4.4.2",,"4.4.2 Results of social impact evaluation are incorporated into management decisions."
,,"管理の意思决定には社会影响评価の结果が组み込まれる."
,"MA","The result of the assessment of social effects stated above will be reflected in the plan if necessary. 上记社会的影响评価の结果を必要に応じ反映させる予定. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Incorporated as much as possible. 可能な范囲で反映している. ","V"
,"S4"
"4.4.3",,"4.4.3 Forest managers implement a system for ongoing consultation with local people and interest groups (both men and women)."
,,"森林管理者は継続して地元の人々および関系ある団体(男性,女性とも)に闻き取りを行わなければならない."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
4.5,,"Appropriate mechanisms shall be employed for resolving grievances and for providing fair compensation in the case of loss or damage affecting the legal or customary rights, property, resources, or livelihoods of local peoples. Measures shall be taken to avoid such loss or damage.",3.5
,,"法的あるいは惯习的な権利,财产,资源,地域住民の所有する家畜などに対し损害を与えた场合における,苦情の処理及び公平な补偿が行えるよう适切な方法が整备されていなければならない.このような损害を回避する手段がとられなければならない."
"4.5.1",,"4.5.1 Mechanisms for resolving grievances are documented and implemented."
,,"苦情を解决する适切なシステムは文书化され,実践されている."
,"MA","A written manual for complaint and compensation was prepared. 苦情 补偿に関する手顺书が作成されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"4.5.2",,"4.5.2 Mechanisms exist and are implemented for providing fair compensation to local people where their legal or customary rights, property, resources or livelihoods have been damaged."
,,"地域の法的 习惯的権利,领地,资源または生计がダメージを受けた场合に,地域住民に公正な补偿を行う适切なシステムが存在し,実践されている."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"4.5.3",,"4.5.3 Inadvertent damage to indigenous and traditional resources on, or near, indigenous and traditional lands shall be compensated as agreed with the indigenous and traditional communities themselves."
,,"先住民の,および伝统的な土地,またはその近くの土地に存在する资源に対して与えた回复できないダメージは,先住民または伝统的な地域社会が同意した方法により补偿されなければならない."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Not applicable. 该当しない. ","n/a"
,"S4"
"4.5.4",,"4.5.4 Mechanisms exist made to resolve conflicts through consultation aiming at achieving agreement or consent, avoiding damage to property, resources, rights, and livelihoods."
,,"同意や承诺を得るため,また财产,资源,権利,生活へのダメージを避けるための,话し合いを通じた纷争解决の仕组みが存在する."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
5,,"FSC PRINCIPLE # 5: BENEFITS FROM THE FOREST Forest management operations shall encourage the efficient use of the forest's multiple products and services to ensure economic viability and a wide range of environmental and social benefits. ","3.4 "
,,"FSC原则#5:森林のもたらす便益 森林管理は,経済的な継続性と,环境や社会が享受しているさまざまな便益とを确保できるよう,森林から得られる多様な生产物やサービスの効果的な利用を促进するものであること."
5.1,,"Forest management should strive toward economic viability, while taking into account the full environmental, social, and operational costs of production, and ensuring the investments necessary to maintain the ecological productivity of the forest.",4
,,"森林管理は,経済的に継続できるように努力されなければならない.またその一方で,生产にかかる全ての环境,社会そして管理费用に配虑するとともに,森林の生态系の生产性を维持するために必要な投资が确実に行われなければならない."
"5.1.1",,"5.1.1 There is a work plan and budget for the forest management enterprise showing expected costs and revenues for at least the current financial year."
,,"少なくとも最近一年分の予想される収入と支出を示した森林管理主体の経営计画と予算がある."
,"MA","A management plan and a budget document of the forestry association are available. Its financial statements are well organized and its status is also good. 森林组合の経営计画と予算书がある. 财务诸表の调制は适切に行われており,その体质も良好である. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"5.1.2",,"5.1.2 The income predicted in the annual budget is consistent with the expected rate of harvest of forest products (see 5.6)."
,,"年间予算にて予想される収入は推定される森林产物の収获と一致している(5.6参照)."
,"MA","It's budgeted with the yield of forest products, subsidies and other incomes. They estimate the yields of forestry products in their incomes appropriately. 林产物の収获と补助金などその他の収入を合わせて予算が立てられている.収入には森林产物収获を适切に见込んでいる. ","V",,"ari"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"5.1.3",,"5.1.3 The income predicted in the annual budget is consistent with product values comparable to regional or national norms,"
,,"年间予算にて予想される収入は,地域あるいは全国标准の材価と比较して妥当である."
,"MA","It is reasonable. 妥当である. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"5.1.4",,"5.1.4 The annual budget incorporates stumpage, royalties or rents as required."
,,"年间予算には立木価格,特许権使用料または赁贷料を组み込んでいる."
,"MA","The price of standing trees and other costs are included appropriately. 立木価格,その他経费は适切に含まれている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"5.1.5",,"5.1.5 The annual budget specifies any costs associated with implementation of the social and environmental commitments identified in Principles 4 and 6."
,,"年间予算には原则4と6にある社会的,环境的配虑のための支出割当てが明确になっている."
,"MA","In conjunction with plans on social aspects and environmental aspects, monitoring costs will be budgeted in the future. 今后社会面,环境面の计画に连动してモニタリング费用などを予算化する予定. ","V",,"あり"
,"S1","2006: Budgeted as FSC instruction costs. 2006: FSC指导费として予算计上している. ","V"
,"S2","2007: Budgeted as FSC instruction costs continuously. 2007: 引き続きFSC指导费を计上している. ","V"
,"S3","Budgeted as FSC instruction costs continuously. 引き続きFSC指导费を计上している. ","V"
,"S4"
5.2,,"Forest management and marketing operations should encourage the optimal use and local processing of the forest's diversity of products.",3.5
,,"森林管理と林产物の流通は,森林がもたらす多様な生产物を最大限に活用するとともに,地域での生产物の加工を促すものでなければならない."
"5.2.1",,"5.2.1 Forest managers make a proportion of their production available to local enterprises, such as small-scale industries and processing operations. (see 5.4 below for related norms)"
,,"森林管理者はその产物の一定量を,小规模な工场や加工所などの地元の会社に,特にこれを阻む重要な理由がないかぎりにおいて提供する.(関连规准として以下の5.4を参照)"
,"MA","NATA Factory deals with the thinned woods from the managed area and the woods from other local forests. In Factory, offcuts are utilized effectively as much as possible. For example, Woodchips are transferred to a paper-manufacturing company in Nagoya, and Sawdust is used as mushroom bed for Enokidake mushroom. Residual material are provided as fuelwood for the drying facility. Residual material of bent stands are exported to China. (Four dispatches made so far.) As there are many lacquer ware manufacturing villages in the region, utilization of abundant broadleafed timber is expected. See Recommendation 2005.4. 那谷工场では管理区域からの间伐材をはじめ,地元の木材も取り扱っている. 工场では端材はできる限りの有効利用をしている―チップは名古屋の制纸会社,おが粉はエノキ茸の菌床へ.端材は乾燥机の燃料に供している.中国に根曲がり部分の端材を输出している(今まで4回出荷). ただし,木地师の里であり,広叶树が豊富に存することから広叶树の利活用が望まれる.推奨事项2005.4参照. ","V"
,"S1","2006: Zelkova and Japanese oak are sold as precious wood in the market. The slight materials of Japanese oak are sold to the sawdust producer and are used for Siitake mushroom production with mushroom bed. The broadleaf tree woods for wood stove are offered to applicants for free. The provision of the broadleaf timber for woodcraft have not been performed yet, because it is difficult to establish the stable supply system. In addtion, residual materials are carried out as much as possible and are exported to China, and are processed to laminated lumber. 2006: 市场でケヤキ,ナラなどを铭木として贩売している.细いナラ材についてはおが粉生产者に贩売し,菌床シイタケ生产に使用されている.希望者に薪ストーブ用の広叶树材を无偿提供している.木地生产への広叶树材の提供については,安定供给体制を构筑することが难しく,まだできていない.また,端材は极力搬出して中国へ输出し集成材に加工している. ","V"
,"S2","2007: More than 90% of produced wood is used in this region. Production of sawdust and provision of firewood are continued. Exportation of residual materials to China is also continued. 2007: 生产された材は90%以上が地元で利用されている.おが粉生产や薪の提供は引き続き行っている.端材の中国输出も継続して行っている. ","V"
,"S3","The production of sawdust powder and the delivery of firewood continue. Domestic consumption of offcuts is increasing while their exports to Chine are declining. As the demand for domestic lumber is rising, the network of COC certification is expanding. The use of keyaki trees is being promoted as well. The quake resistance of wooden buildings has been researched in cooperation with Kanazawa Institute of Technology, and the results of the study are being promoted. おが粉生产,薪の提供は引き続き行っている.端材は国内消费が増え,中国输出が减少している.国产材需要が増え,COC认证のネットワークが広がりつつある.ケヤキの使用にも取り组んでいる.また,金沢工业大学とともに木造建筑の耐震性研究を行い,その普及に努めている. ","V"
,"S4"
5.3,,"Forest management should minimise waste associated with harvesting and on-site processing operations and avoid damage to other forest resources.",3
,,"森林管理は,伐采や现场での加工作业に伴う廃材を最小限に抑え,他の森林资源への损伤を避けるものでなければならない."
"5.3.1",,"5.3.1 There is no excessive damage to residual stands of trees during and after harvesting."
,,"伐采中または伐采后に,残存木に过度なダメージが与えられていない."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3",""Operational Guidelines for Harvesting and Extraction", and "Harvesting Specification" for subcontractors were prepared. 伐采 搬出に関する作业基准 や委托业者向けの「伐采に関する仕様书」が作成されている.现场レベルでは森林损伤は観察されなかった. ","V"
,"S4"
"5.3.2",,"5.3.2 Timber is extracted and processed promptly after felling."
,,"材木は伐倒のあとすぐに引き出され,加工されている."
,"MA","Available materials are extracted soon. 利用できるものはすぐに搬出されている. ","V",,"あり"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"5.3.3",,"5.3.3 New on-site processing machinery is selected taking into account the need to minimise timber waste"
,,"新しい现场加工処理机は,廃材を最小限にする必要性を考虑して选択されている."
,"MA","Chainsaw and Processor are used on site. All available materials are taken out. Scrap woods are disposed carefully. If some of them fall in a mountain stream, they are pulled out by machines immediately because the fishery associations in downstream complain about it. Unusable remaining materials are left on the working site if the remaining materials are needed to ensure biological diversity or prevent soil erosion. However, abandoned offcuts were seen in some places along the stream during the site visit. Thorough treatment is required for areas where villages exist in the downstream. See Recommendation 2005.5. 现场ではチェーンソーやプロセッサを使用している.利用できるものは全て搬出している. 廃材の処理については,気をつけている.下流の渔业组合からクレームがつくので,渓流に廃材が落ちた场合には,机械で引き上げている. 利用できない残材は,生物多様性の确保や土壌侵食防止上必要となる场合には作业现场に残している. ただし,现地観察では渓流沿いの一部地域で端材などの残材が确认された.下流に集落がある地域では処理の彻底が必要.推奨事项2005.5参照. ","V",,"あり"
,"S1","2006: Residual materials are carried out as much as possible and are exported to China, and are processed to laminated lumber. Residual materials in Kutani were raised up, which were observed last time. They provide the guidance not to leave residual materials around moutain streams. No leaving of residuals were observed on site. 2006: 端材は极力搬出して中国へ输出し集成材に加工している.前回観察された久谷の残材は上に引き上げた.渓流周辺に端材を残さないよう指导している.その他现场での端材放置は确认されなかった. ","V"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Woods longer than 2m are used in the association's saw mill while those not longer than 2m are provided to working parties. Chips are utilized. Offcuts from the saw mill are sold by the association. Cedar bark chips are deployed on some of operational roads. They are also applied to the yard of an elementary school on a trial basis. 2m以上のものは组合の制材工场で利用し,2m以下のものは作业班に提供している.チップ利用がされている.制材工场での端材は组合がチップ用に贩売している.スギ皮チップを一部作业道に敷设している.小学校の庭でも敷设试験をしている. ","V"
,"S4"
5.4,,"Forest management should strive to strengthen and diversify the local economy, avoiding dependence on a single forest product.",3
,,"森林管理は,地域経済の活性化と多様化に努め,特定の林产物のみに依存することを避けなければならない."
"5.4.1",,"5.4.1 Managers have information on the range of the forest's potential products and services, including 'lesser known' timber species, Non Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) and opportunities for forest recreation."
,,"管理者は知名度の低い树种,非木材林产物(NTFPs),森林レクリエーション等を含めた,可能性のあるあらゆる制品やサービスについて情报を持っている."
,"MA","Wood for Shiitake mushroom, Woodchip, Sawdust and Bark are utilized. Japanese royal fern (Osmunda japonica) are sold by each forest owners. Some people make and sale New Years Decorations with Yuzuriha (Daphniphyllum macropodum) and Urajiro fern (Gleichenia japonica). Some of the association members produce Shiitake mushroom come out from virgin wood and/or fungus bed. It's devoted to forest studies for children, tree planting by citizen volunteers, nature tour for citizens, and out-of-door study for MIDORI NO SHOUNENDAN (Green Junior Association). シイタケ原木や,チップ,オガ粉,树皮が利用されている. ゼンマイは所有者が贩売している. ユズリハやウラジロなどで正月饰りを作って贩売しているところもある. 组合员の中には,原木シイタケ,菌床シイタケを作っている人もいる. 子どもたちの森林学习,市民ボランティアによる植树,一般市民の自然観察会,みどりの少年団の野外学习などに供されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","2007 - A survey on utilisation of broadleaf trees in the region was conducted. Sawdust production and firewood provision are continued. Exportation of residual materials to China is also continued. It is planned by Kaga city's biomass town plan that bark will be used to manufacture pellet for boilers for hot waters at spa. It is important to consider use of broadleaf woods every time in the current situation that broadleaf woods are used for woodchip all over the country. See Recommendation 2005.4 2007 -地域における広叶树利用状况の调査を行った.おが粉生产や薪の提供は引き続き行っている.端材の中国输出も継続して行っている.加贺市のバイオマスタウン构想において树皮で温泉施设ボイラー用のペレットを生产することが计画されている.広叶树のチップ等への利用が全国レベルで浸透しつつある现在,広叶树の利活用について常に検讨しておくことが重要である.推奨事项2005.4 ","V"
,"S3","Pellets for the boilers in hot spring facilities are still under study. Keyaki trees are utilized on trial. 温泉施设ボイラー用のペレットについてはまだ検讨段阶.ケヤキについては试験利用を行っている. ","V"
,"S4"
"5.4.2",,"5.4.2 Managers are aware of the role of these products and services in the local economy (whether as trade goods or for subsistence)."
,,"管理者はこれらの制品やサービスの地域経済での(商业上または生活上の)役割を认知している."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"5.4.3",,"5.4.3 Managers have assessed the possibility of utilisation of forest services, lesser known species and NTFPs on their own account or by local enterprises."
,,"管理者は自らまたは地域の企业による知名度の低い树种や非木材林产物の利用の可能性について评価している."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V",,"あり"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"5.4.4",,"5.4.4 Managers encourage the utilisation of forest services, lesser known species and NTFPs by local enterprises where this does not jeopardise other management objectives."
,,"管理者は地域の企业による知名度の低い树种や非木材林产物の使用を,それが他の管理目标を危険に晒さない限り奨励している."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V",,"ari"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
5.5,,"Forest management operations shall recognise, maintain, and, where appropriate, enhance the value of forest services and resources such as watersheds and fisheries.",3
,,"森林施业は,森林のもたらす水资源や渔场などのサービス及び価値を认识し,维持し,必要に応じて高めていくものでなければならない."
"5.5.1",,"5.5.1 Forest managers have evaluated the role and impact of the forest within the watershed. (see Criterion 6.5b for norms with respect to maintenance of water resources and fisheries)"
,,"森林管理者はその森林の流域の下流における水の使用状况の情报を有する.(水源と渔业の维持に配虑する规准として规准6.5bを参照)"
,"MA","Running Water, Hot Springs, Lagoons, Fishing grounds of rivers and sea and some registered Marshes for Ramsar Convention are related. Each kind of information related are collected and organized, and meetings with the fishery association and the local communities are held. 水道水,温泉,潟湖,川 海の渔场,ラムサール条约登录湿地などが関系する.それぞれに関する情报を収集し,整理しており,现在渔协との话し合い,地区恳谈会を行っている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"5.5.2",,"Forest managers have information on the fisheries above, in and below the forest watershed. (see Criterion 6.5b for norms with respect to maintenance of water resources and fisheries)"
,,"森林管理者は渔业についてその森林の流域の上 中 下流での情报を有する.(水源と渔业の维持に配虑する规准として规准6.5bを参照)"
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Measures have been taken to meet a demand by the local fishermen's cooperative, including the suspension of operations. 渔协からの要望で作业の一时停止など,対応を行っている.","V"
,"S4"
"5.5.3",,"Management plans and operations include maintenance and enhancement of watershed and fishery values identified."
,,"森林计画と施业には特定された流域と渔业の価値の维持,向上が含まれている."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
5.6,,"The rate of harvest of forest products shall not exceed levels which can be permanently sustained.",4
,,"林产物の収获は,それが持続できなくなるレベルを越えて行われてはならない."
"5.6.1",,"5.6.1 The silvicultural system on which management is based is clearly stated."
,,"管理の基础たる施业システムは明确に示されている."
,"MA","They adopt standard operation systems such as Tree Planting, Weeding, Pruning, Cleaning, Thinning and Final Cutting.Short/medium/long-term silviculture systems are stated. 植林,下刈り,枝打ち,除伐,间伐,主伐という标准的な施业システムを采用し,短 中 长期的な施业システムが示されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"5.6.2",,"5.6.2 The expected level of harvesting on an annual basis, and in the long term (over more than one rotation) is clearly stated."
,,"年间,そして长期(1伐期以上)の予想される収获量のレベルは明确に示されている."
,"MA","A 5-year thinning harvesting plan and a medium and long-term plan were prepared, and a harvesting plan for over one rotation is stated. A thinning record of the past five years and a thinning plan for the next five years are mapped, respectively. 5年间の间伐収获计画とともに,中长期计画作成し,1伐期以上の収获方针が示されている.5年间の过去と将来の间伐実绩と间伐计画が地図化されている. ","V",,"ari"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","As demands are rising, thinning support projects and the harvest from thinning have been increased. Thinned woods of around 12,000-13,000m3 have been harvested since last year. 需要が増加し,间伐支援策も増え,间伐による収获量が増加している.昨年から12,000-13,000m3前后の収获量となっている. ","V"
,"S4"
"5.6.3",,"5.6.3 The expected level of harvesting is clearly justified in terms of the permanently sustainable yield of the forest products on which the management plan is based."
,,"永続的に维持できる林产物収获という点において,管理计画の基础となる予想される収获量のレベルは明らかに正当である."
,"MA","Harvesting is kept within the growth volume. 収获は成长量以下. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","While the volume of thinning has increased, it is still under the growth of forests. 间伐量は増えても成长量以下である. ","V"
,"S4"
"5.6.4",,"5.6.4 All assumptions regarding regeneration, growth, abundance, quality and size distribution of the main commercial species are explicit, and in line with the best available data for the locality from relevant research and/or inventories."
,,"主要商业种の更新,成长,蓄积量,品质,サイズ分布等に関する提示条件は全て明确であり,地域での最も有効な调査 目录データと同様である."
,"MA","With regard to the data of under 50 years old, the local standard data is employed. There is no specific data of the growth increment over 50 years old. Resource surveys will be conducted in the future and the results will be reflected to the harvest table. How the results will be reflected requires further observation. See Recommendation 2005.6. 50年生までのデータは地域の标准的なものが用いられている.それ以降の成长量については明确なデータがない. 今后资源调査を実施し収获表を修正していく.结果の反映がどうなされるか経过観察が必要である.推奨事项2005.6参照. ","V"
,"S1","2006: The stem analysis at thinning was consigned to the forestry research centre and implemented at seven places. The standard plot survey was carried out in one place where clearcut was conducted. Reflection to the harvesting chart will be done in the future. 2006: 间伐时の树干解析を林业试験场に委托して7个所で実施した.また1个所皆伐を行ったところで标准地调査を実施した.収获表への反映はこれから. ","V"
,"S2","2007: The result of stem analysis of trees around 40 years old was examined, and it was confirmed that actual volume is not so different from that on yield table. It is needed to examine tree height and diameter also. It is planned to continue the survey and colllect data. 2007: 40年生前后の木の树干解析结果を分析し,材积については,材积表の値とほぼ変わらないことが确かめられた.树高や胸高直径についても検证が必要.今后も継続して行い,データを蓄积する计画となっている. ","V"
,"S3","A stem analysis of a 111-year-old sugi was conducted. Even at the age of over 100 years, the growth of tree height was observed. During a pre-thinning survey, tree heights will also be measured. 111年生のスギを树干解析した.100年过ぎても树高成长の伸びが确认された.また,间伐前调査で树高も测定する计画. ","V"
,"S4"
"5.6.5",,"5.6.5 The expected level of harvesting in the long term does not exceed local or regional expectations of sustainable yield, taking into account any special silvicultural treatments that have been applied."
,,"予想される长期の収获量レベルは,これまで行われてきたいかなる特别な森林の取り扱いを考虑しても,地域の持続的な生产量を上回らない."
,"MA","Same as 5.6.3. 5.6.3に同じ. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
6,,"PRINCIPLE #6: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Forest management shall conserve biological diversity and its associated values, water resources, soils, and unique and fragile ecosystems and landscapes, and, by so doing, maintain the ecological functions and the integrity of the forest.","3.9 "
,,"FSC原则#6:环境への影响 森林管理は,生物の多様性とそれに付随する価値,水资源,土壌,そしてかけがえのない,しかも壊れやすい生态系や景観を保全し,生态学的な机能や森林の健全さを维持するものであること."
6.1,,"Assessment of environmental impacts shall be completed appropriate to the scale, intensity of forest management and the uniqueness of the affected resources and adequately integrated into management systems. Assessments shall include landscape level considerations as well as the impacts of on-site processing facilities. Environmental impacts shall be assessed prior to commencement of site-disturbing operations",3
,,"环境へ与える影响の评価は,森林管理の规模や内容,影响を受ける资源の特异性に応じ彻底して行なわれなければならないとともに,管理システムの中に十分に组み込まれていなければならない.评価は,现场设置型(オンサイト)加工设备による影响にから,景観レベルでの影响までを含めて,配虑なされなければならない.环境への影响は,作业开始前に评価されなければならない."
"6.1.1",,"6.1.1 A system is specified that ensures an assessment of environmental impact is made before commencement of any site-disturbing operations. The system: - is appropriate to the scale and intensity of the forest management - takes account of landscape level considerations - is appropriate to the uniqueness of the affected resources "
,,"林地を撹乱するいかなる作业が行われる前にも,适切な环境影响评価が行われるためのシステムが明记されている.そのシステムは, - 森林管理の规模と强度にふさわしく, - 景観レベルの配虑を行い, - 影响を受ける资源の特殊性に见合うものである."
,"MA","A system to assess the environmental impacts by using an environmental checklist was prepared. Appendices p. 32 Appendix p.13 "Procedure of Environmental Impact Assessment", p.33 Appendix 14 "Environmental Monitoring Guideline", and p.34 Appendix 15 "Environemntal checklist". 环境チェックリストを用いてチェックし环境影响を评価するシステムを作成.资料编p32资料13 环境影响评価の手顺 ,p33资料14 环境モニタリングに関する指针 ,p34资料15 环境チェックリスト ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","2007: Although staff of the forestry association use environmental checklist after operations, it is needed to use the checklist also before operations to assess and monitor impact on environment by operations. See Recommendation 2007.3 2007 – 环境チェックリストは作业后に森林组合职员によって使用されているが,作业前にもチェックし,施业による环境への影响がないかどうか事前に评価(アセスメント)することと事后评価(モリタリング)が必要.推奨事项2007.3参照. ","V"
,"S3","The environmental checklist has been used before operations for thinning and pruning, and after operations for construction of operational and yarding roads. In the places likely to be affected by soil loss, chips are applied to operational roads, and the environmental assessment sheet is filled out there. The environmental assessment is properly conducted while clearer arrangement of document form such as separation between the preliminary assessment and follow-up checking sections should help better understanding of the records. 间伐,枝打ちについては作业前,作业道 集材路开设については作业后に环境チェックリストが使用されていた.土砂流出の影响がありそうな场所には,作业道にチップ敷きをしており,そこでは环境アセスメントのシートも记入している.环境アセスメントは适切に実行しているが,事前と事后を分けるなど书类の整备の仕方を工夫するとより分かりやすい记录となる. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.1.2",,"6.1.2 There is a system to ensure that results of the assessment of impacts are taken account of in subsequent operations."
,,"影响评価结果を将来施业へ反映するシステムがある."
,"MA","Results from the above system will be reflected in the management policy.How the results will be reflected requires further observation. See Recommendation 2005.6. 上记システムによりその结果を施业指针へ反映させる.结果の反映がどうなされるか経过観察が必要である.推奨事项2005.6参照. ","V"
,"S1","2006: Concrete guideline according to the method of environmental assessment should be prepared. 2006:环境アセスメントの手法に准じた具体的な取り组み指针を准备すべきである. ","V"
,"S2","2007: It is future task to reflect it to operations. 2007: 施业への反映は今后の课题. ","V"
,"S3","The results described above have been incorporated into operations. 上记结果を施业に反映させている. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2a",,"Safeguards shall exist which protect rare, threatened and endangered species and their habitats (e.g., nesting and feeding areas).",3.5
,,"希少种,危急种,绝灭危惧种及びその生息地(例えば,営巣地や采饵场所など)を保护する手段がとられなければならない."
"6.2.1",,"6.2.1 The likely presence of rare, threatened and endangered species and their habitats (e.g. nesting and feeding areas) has been assessed on the basis of the best available information."
,,"最も有効な情报に基づき, 希少种,危急种,绝灭危惧种及びその生息域(例えば,営巣地や采饵场など)の存在の可能性が评価されている."
,"MA","The prefectural Red Data Book is available. In collaboration with the university, prefectural experiment centre and local expertise, rare species are identified, and especially the indicative species are evaluated and selected. 県のレッドデータブックが准备されている. 大学 県林业试験场 地域の専门家と协働し,该当贵重种の抽出,特に指标性の高いものなどを评価し,选択している. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2.2",,"6.2.2 Areas containing or likely to contain such species or are identified and marked on maps."
,,"贵重种がいる,またはいる可能性がある场所を特定し,地図化している."
,"MA","The habitat site is not identified in the Red Date Book in order to prevent overexploitation The operators will use the rare species checklist with photos to map them as found. レッドデータブックでは,乱获を防ぐため,场所は特定されていない.今后は作业员用の写真入り贵重种チェックリストにより确认した际に地図化していく予定. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2.3",,"6.2.3 Procedures are documented and implemented to safeguard such species and their habitats."
,,"贵重种とその生息域を保全するための効果的な方法が文书化され実践されている."
,"MA","There is a system to discuss the conservation measures with the expertise when rare species are found, and a flexible measure will be determined and implemented. 确认した际に保护方法を専门家を交えて検讨するシステムができあがっており,柔软な対応を决定し実施することとしている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","2007: Vegetation around Kinran (Cephalanthera falcate) which were found last year was left. 2007: 昨年発见されたキンランの周辺は伐采せずに残した. ","V"
,"S3","An RTE species has not been discovered. 特に贵重种は発见されていない. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2b",,"Conservation zones and protection areas shall be established, appropriate to the scale and intensity of forest management and the uniqueness of the affected resources.",4
,,"保全区域及び自然保护区は,森林管理の规模や内容,影响を受ける资源の特异性に応じて设置されなければならない."
"6.2.4",,"6.2.4 Areas of special regional importance for biodiversity are identified on maps, and protected from harvesting and other site disturbance."
,,"生物多様性について地域的に特に重要な场所は地図に明记され,収获や他の林地の撹乱から守られている."
,"MA","The object areas are the special area of prefectural natural park and nature conservation area. Those areas are protected by law. A map which shows those area combined with the management area was prepared. 県立自然公园特别地域,自然环境保全地域特别地区などが该当する.これらは法律により保护される.管理地域との重ね地図ができあがっている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2.5",,"6.2.5 At least 10% of the forest area is designated as a conservation zone, identified on maps, and managed with biodiversity as a major objective."
,,"少なくとも森林の10%は保全地帯とされ,地図に明记され,生物多様性を主要な目的として管理される."
,"MA","A conservation zone of 5,134ha (16% of the total area) was established and clearly mapped. 保全地帯5,134ha,全体の16%が设定され地図に明记されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2.6",,"6.2.6 At least half of this area (i.e. 5% of the total forest area) is designated as a protected area, identified on maps, and is fully protected from commercial harvesting."
,,"少なくともこの区域の半分(つまり,全森林の5%)は保护区とされ,地図に明记され,全ての商业的な収获から保护される."
,"MA","Within the conservation zone specified above, protected area of 2,173ha (7% of the total land) was established, clearly mapped and kept free from harvesting for commercial purposes. 上记保全地帯中保护区2,173ha,全体の7%が设定され,地図に明记され,商业的な収获は行わないこととなっている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2.7",,"6.2.7 Selection of conservation zones and protected areas is justified in terms of their potential to maximise their contribution to the maintenance or enhancement of biodiversity"
,,"保全地帯と保护区の选定は,生物多様性の维持と向上への贡献を最大限にする可能性という点において正当である."
,"MA","Among the broadleafed forests in the management area, especially pristine areas are designated as a conservation zone and protected area, thus conservation of biological diversity is maintained. 保全地帯と保护区は管理地域内に分布する広叶树林の中でも自然性の高い地域の设定となっており,生物多様性の维持は図られている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2.8",,"6.2.8 The protected area includes examples of all existing ecosystems within the forest area."
,,"保护区は森林に存在する全ての生态系の代表例を含む."
,"MA","Altitudes between 200m – 1,400m, and various types of landscapes, such as mountain streams, slopes and mountain ridges are included, thus containing every ecological aspects of the management forest. 标高200m～1,400mまで,また渓流 斜面 尾根部など地形条件も様々で,管理森林の全体の立地条件を含んだ设定となっている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2.9",,"6.2.9 The movement of key plant and animal species between reserved and harvested areas is encouraged by retaining corridors of uncut forest based on streamsides with links up slopes and across ridges to connecting any large patches of forest which will not be harvested."
,,"主要な生物种の保护区と施业区间の移动は,非伐采林地のコリドーの维持により促进されている.コリドーは渓流沿いに形成され,斜面から尾根を越えて伐采の対象とならない大きな林分に连络している."
,"MA","Protected areas are established in a way they will be connected to each other by corridors such as buffer zone. 保护区がバッファーゾーンなどのコリドーで结ばれるように配虑して设定されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2c",,"Inappropriate hunting, fishing, trapping and collecting shall be controlled.",3.5
,,"不适切な狩猟,钓り,仕挂け罠,采集は取り缔まらなければならない."
"6.2.10",,"6.2.10 Systems for controlling hunting, fishing, trapping and collecting of animals or plants are documented."
,,"狩猟,渔业,罠猟,采集等の管理システムは文书化されている."
,"MA","Preventive measures and a reporting system against illegal activities were established and a written manual was prepared. 违法行为に対する予防や通报システムを构筑し,その手顺书が作成されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.2.11",,"6.2.11 Systems are in place to prevent hunting or trapping of protected species."
,,"あらゆる手法を活用し保护対象种の狩猟や罠猟を防止する."
,"MA","It needs to develop some prevention measures. 防止策をたてることが必要. ","V"
,"S1","2006: They use the environmental checklist at operation and discovered one kind of rare plant. Protection measures should be considered. 2006: 环境チェックリストを作业时に使用している.贵重植物を1种発见した.保护策を検讨することが必要. ","V"
,"S2","2007: Vegetation around Kinran (Cephalanthera falcate) was left. Oosugidani River Conservation Group consults the forestry association about conservation of Hyuugamizuki (Corylopsis pauciflora) along rivers. 2007: キンランの周辺は伐采せずに残した.河川沿いのヒュウガミズキの保护について大杉谷川を守る会から相谈があり,対応している. ","V"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
6.3,,"Ecological functions and values shall be maintained intact, enhanced, or restored, including: a) Forest regeneration and succession. b) Genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. c) Natural cycles that affect the productivity of the forest ecosystem. ",4
,,"生态的机能や価値は,以下に记载するものを含め,现状が维持されるとともに高められ,あるいは复元されなければならない. a)森林の更新及び迁移 b)遗伝的,树种,及び生态系の多様性 c)森林生态系の生产性に影响を与える自然循环"
"6.3.1",,"6.3.1 The silvicultural system adopted is appropriate to the ecology of the forest."
,,"采用されている施业システムは森林生态に対し适切である."
,"MA","Japanese standard operation systems such as tree planting, weeding, cleaning, thinning, and final cutting don't harm ecosystems basically. It's excellent visually and ecologically because sugi forests are grown on the base of the mountain, and broadleaf trees are remained on the ridge. Such afforestation which leaves broadleaf trees is good for ecosystems. It can be considered as highly valuable ecologically because of 30% of artificial forest and light-filled forest floor by strong thinning. The operations are carried out with planting right trees on right areas basically and preserving soil fertility. Sugi is planted also along mountain streams. Broadleaf trees should be mixed by strong thinning or set buffer zone of natural forest. It tends to clean up excessively even such bottom grasses which don't effect to growth of trees or the operations. In addition to the above, as seen in their prohibition of excessive cleaning of the forest grounds and establishment of environmentally conscious policies for each operation, the silviculture system is designed to maintain and improve the ecosystem. Guidelines for environmentally conscious operation are specified in Appendices p.69～ Appendix 32 "Forest Operation Guideline". Also, Appendices p.73～ Appendix 33 "Silviculture System for Maintenance and Improvement of ecosystem" was prepared. 植林,下刈り,除伐,间伐,主伐という日本の标准的な施业システムは基本的に生态に対し问题はない. 山麓部にスギ林,尾根沿いは広叶树を残し,景観的 生态的にも优れている. 広叶树を残した植林は生态的にもよい. 人工林率30%,强间伐により明るい林床など,林分レベルでも生态的価値高い. 基本的に适地适木で,土壌の肥沃度を保った施业となっている. 以上に加え,过剰な林内清扫はしないことや,作业种别の环境配虑指针があり,生态系を维持 向上させるための施业システムとなっている.资料编p69～ 资料32 森林施业指针 で,环境に配虑した作业の実行手顺を记载.またp73～ 资料33 生态系を维持 向上させるための施业システム を作成. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","-"
,"S4"
"6.3.2",,"6.3.2 Systems that use small clearfell areas, selective felling and create varied age class have been considered."
,,"小さな皆伐区や択伐を用い,多齢层の林分构造へ诱导するシステムが検讨されている."
,"MA","Commercial thinning is conducted mostly at present. On the occasion of clear cutting, small area under 3ha will be cut. 现在は利用间伐がほとんどである.皆伐をする时には,3ha以下の小面积としている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.3.3",,"6.3.3 Forestry operations must, if appropriate to the silvicultural system, aim for a mixture of compartments differing in size, shape, species, and date of planting and felling, in harmony with the landscape."
,,"施业システムに対し适合すれば,林分规模,形,种构成,そして新植と伐采の时期などが异なった区画の混和を,景観との调和を保ちながら目指さなければならない."
,"MA","The choice of tree species which set broad leaf trees on the mountain ridges is excellent for landscape ecology. Also, as equalization of stand age composition will be planned and promoted in the future, small clear cutting areas will be dispersed and converted into stand structure with multiple age layers. 広叶树を尾根部に配した树种选択は景観生态に优れている.また今后林齢构成の平准化が计画されて実行されていく中,小さな皆伐区が分散され,多齢层の林分构造に诱导することとなる. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.3.4",,"6.3.4 The scale of felling (e.g. coupe size) is commensurate with the natural dynamics of the forest type and the area under consideration (unless clearly justified silvicultural reasons are given)."
,,"伐区の规模は,その地域や林型のもつ自然の动的条件と合致している.(林学的に明快な理由がない场合)"
,"MA","There is no problem concerning nature condition if the cutting area doesn't over 3ha. 3ha以内の伐区であれば,自然条件に対し问题はない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.3.5",,"6.3.5 Management of the forest area as a whole is designed to ensure that the full complement of naturally occurring tree species regenerates successfully in the forest area over the duration of the rotation."
,,"森林管理区域は,全体として森林内の全ての树种が伐期を通じて更新するよう设定されている."
,"MA","Commercial tree species are regenerated by tree planting unfailingly. Other tree species are regenerated naturally. However, in artificial forest, light environment will be improved by thinning to stimulate regenerating of forest vegetation.As a result, regeneration and conservation of all tree species will be assured. 商业树种は植林により确実に更新される.その他の树种は天然更新により更新されるが,人工林においては间伐により受光环境を改善し,森林植生の更新を促进させることとしている.これにより,管理森林内すべての树种が更新され维持される. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.3.6",,"6.3.6 Selective felling and thinning regimes are designed to maintain genotypic diversity."
,,"択伐や间伐の方法は,遗伝子型の多様性を保つよう设定されている."
,"MA","No such cutting which leaves particular genotype is conducted. 特定の遗伝子型を残すような伐采は行われない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.3.7",,"6.3.7 Biodiversity is routinely maintained by the retention of marginal habitats e.g. streamside vegetation, vegetation on rocky outcrops, swamps and heaths."
,,"生物多様性は河川 渓流沿いの植物や岩角地,沼地,荒地の植物など,脆弱で微妙な生息地の保护によって常に维持されている."
,"MA","Fragile areas will be excluded from forest road constructions, and environmentally fragile areas will be protected through establishment of bufferzones along the mountain streams, etc. 脆弱な地域の林道建设は避け,渓流沿いのバッファーゾーン设定など,环境的に脆弱な地域は保护される. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.3.8",,"6.3.8 Standing and fallen dead wood habitats are retained. "
,,"倒木 枯损木などの动物生息地は,その地域の自然状况に応じて保たれる."
,"MA","Fallen trees and/or dead trees within a scope which does not affect forest will be left untouched. 倒木や枯损木を支障のない范囲で残すこととしている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
6.4,,"Representative samples of existing ecosystems within the landscape shall be protected in their natural state and recorded on maps, appropriate to the scale and intensity of operations and the uniqueness of the affected resources.",4
,,"その景観に含まれる现存の代表的な生态系は,森林管理の规模や内容,影响を受ける资源の特异性に応じ,自然のままの状态で保全されるとともに,地図上に示されなければならない."
"6.4.1",,"6.4.1 Representative samples of existing ecosystems within the landscape shall be protected in their natural state and recorded on maps, appropriate to the scale and intensity of operations and the uniqueness of the affected resources. (See also 6.2.8)"
,,"その景観に含まれる现存の代表的な生态系は,森林管理の规模や内容,影响を受ける资源の特异性に応じ,自然のままの状态で保全されるとともに,地図上に示されなければならない.(6.2.8も参照)"
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5a",,"Written guidelines shall be prepared and implemented to: control erosion; minimise damage during road construction, and all other mechanical disturbances;",3.5
,,"侵触の抑制,林道建设,そして他の全ての机械による被害を最小限のものとするガイドラインが文书化され,実行されなければならない."
"6.5.1",,"6.5.1 There is written guidance or policies and procedures for new road building, road maintenance and other mechanical disturbance."
,,"新しい林道の建设と改修には文书化された方针と手顺がある."
,"MA","Environmentally conscious norms for each operation were documented, and guidelines and procedures for forest road network construction were prepared. Any collapsed land or soil erosion on forest road or slope was not observed on the site. In addition, the water quality of mountain stream was quite good even at rainfall time. 作业种别の环境配虑事项が文书化され,また森林路网建设に関する指针と手顺は作成されている. 现地では,崩壊地や林道,法面の土壌侵食は観察されなかった.また,降雨时でも渓流の水质は良好であった. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.2",,"6.5.2 Guidance, Policies and procedures include the following norms for the design and building of new roads: - New roads are planned in advance on topographical maps showing existing streams - Roads are fitted to the topography so that a minimum of alterations to the natural features will occur - Wherever possible roads are located on natural benches, ridges and flatter slopes - Road construction in steep, narrow valleys, slip–prone or other unstable areas, natural drainage channels and streamsides is minimised - Roads are not be aligned through environmentally sensitive areas - Embankments and cuttings are stabilised to resist erosion - Drains and culverts are designed to minimise erosion"
,,"新しい林道の设计と建设に関する方针と手顺には,次の事项が含まれている: - 河川渓流が明记された地形図を使い,前もって新しい林道を计画する. - 林道は地形に合わせて自然の改変を最小限に抑える. - できる限りにおいて,林道は平坦地や缓斜面に设定する. 倾斜の强い狭い谷や滑りやすい不安定な地形,自然の排水路や渓流沿いの地域での林道建设を最小限にする. - 环境的に脆弱な地域には林道を设定しない. - 盛土や法面は浸食を防ぐよう安定させる. - 排水沟や暗渠は浸食を最小限にするよう设定する"
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","2007: Although policies and procedures on road construction are fully understood, there was a steep work road observed which is constructed along a watercourse because of the restriction of owned land area and geography. Because there is a risk of soil erosion from road surface during heavy rain before the road stabilise at first stage, it is required to observe the policies and procedures more thoroughly. See Recommendation 2007.4 2007: 路网建设の指针と手顺は十分理解されているが,所有者や地形の制限により,急勾配の作业道が渓流沿いに建设されている场所が観察された.初期的な回复段阶前に,大雨が降ったときに路面からの土壌の流出が起こる可能性があるため,指针と手顺をより忠実に守ることが望まれる.推奨事项2007.4 ","V"
,"S3","The Considerations with the Construction of Operational Roads document has been prepared. It requires special attention on the gradient of ground surface and soil loss when constructing operational roads. Branches and leaves or cedar bark are laid underground as needed. An environmental assessment is also conducted. 作业道开设に伴う留意事项について を作成.作业道建设の际には勾配や土砂流出に特に気をつけることとしている.必要に応じ枝叶 杉皮の敷き込みを行っている.环境アセスメントも行っている. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.3",,"6.5.3 Machinery operators receive adequate training and are aware of the requirements with respect to prevention of erosion."
,,"机械操作者は十分な训练を受け水资源の保护に関する要求事项を理解している."
,"MA","Training such as forbidding disposing scrap woods to mountain streams is familiarized enough, and the machines will be operated by certified operators. 渓流に廃材を投げ舍てないなどの教育指导は行き届いており,机械操作は有资格者が作业を行う. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","The items above have been explained. 上记事项について说明した. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5b",,"Written guidelines shall be prepared and implemented to: protect water resources.",3.5
,,"水资源の保全のためのガイドラインが文书化され,実行されなければならない."
"6.5.4",,"6.5.4 Policies and procedures for the design and building of new roads include the following norms with respect to protection of water resources, which are implemented: - Stream crossings are planned before operations begin and shown on relevant maps - The number of stream crossings is minimised - Stream crossings are at right angles to the stream - Valley bottom roads and tracks are kept as far back from the stream as possible - Culverts are designed so they do not obstruct the migration of fish, create fast water velocities or stream beds unsuitable for fish - Drains do not drain into natural watercourses. Where this is unavoidable, regularly emptied silt traps are installed."
,,"新しい林道の设计と建设に関する方针と手顺には,水资源の保护に関する次の事项が含まれ,顺守実践されている: - 河川 渓流との交差は作业前に计画され地図に明记される. - 河川 渓流との交差は最小限に抑える. - 河川 渓流に対して直角に交差する. - 谷间の林道と小道は,河川 渓流からできるだけ离れている. V - 鱼の移动を妨げず,鱼に不适当な河床や速い流れを形成しないような水路を设定する. 排水は自然の河川 渓流に直接流れこまない.これが适用不可能であれば,定期的に采泥される沈砂池を设置する. "
,"MA","Guidelines and procedures for forest road network construction were prepared with the norms specified in the left column included. No impact on the mountain stream environment, etc. caused by forest road construction were seen on the site. 森林路网建设に関する指针と手顺は作成され,左记の事项は含まれている.现场では,林道建设による渓流环境等への影响は観察されなかった. ","V",,"ari"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.5",,"6.5.5 New roads are not constructed in streambeds. Existing roads in streambeds are closed and replacements are constructed."
,,"新しい林道は河床に建设されていない.河床にすでに作られた林道は闭锁され,代わりが建设される."
,"MA","No forest roads are constructed in streambeds. It is not seen on the site either. 河床に林道は建设されていない.现地でも観察されなかった. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.6",,"6.5.6 Buffer zones in which harvesting does not take place are established around all permanent watercourses."
,,"収获を行わない缓冲地帯を全ての恒常的な河川 渓流沿いに作っている."
,"MA","Buffer zones were established in major permanent watercourses. Harvesting within 5m of the both sides of a watercourse is prohibited, and intensive thinning shall be done in the neighbouring areas in order to promote conversion to broadleafed forests that include old trees and broadleafed trees. A total length of 147,600m was established. How the buffer zones will be established in the future requires further observation. See Recommendation 2005.7. 年间を通じて水の流れる主な渓流にはバッファーゾーンを设定.渓流の片侧5mずつは禁伐,隣接する空间では强度间伐して広叶树をまじえてた巨木林または広叶树林への転换を図る.総延长147,600mが设定されている. 今后バッファゾーンがどのように设定されていくかの确认が必要.推奨事项2005.7参照. ","V",,"ari"
,"S1","2006: Thinning along mountain stream are operated strongly at group thinning, and buffer zones have been formed sequentially. This activities were identified on the site. A change of vegetation in buffer zone are monitored. There is an example which the intention of the buffer zone establishment came out from a owner, so reaction of positive aspects is bigger. Continued activity is necessary in future. 2006: 集団间伐の际に渓流沿いは强间伐し,顺次バッファーゾーンを形成している.この活动は现场でも确认した.モニタリングでバッファーゾーンの植生の変化をチェックしている.所有者からもバッファーゾーン设置の意向が出てきている例もあり,プラス面の反响が大きい.今后も継続した取り组みが必要である. ","V"
,"S2","2007: Creation of buffer zone is continued. Forest owners agree with this effort. Monitoring is conducted at 4 plots. 2007: バッファーゾーン形成の取り组みを进めている.所有者の理解も得られている.4个所でモニタリングを行っている. ","V"
,"S3","The efforts are still underway. Their results will be summarized after a lapse of five years. 取り组み継続中.5年経过后総括を行う予定. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.7",,"6.5.7 There is no evidence of siltation or other damage to water sources."
,,"沈泥などの水资源への影响は见られない."
,"MA","No water contamination was found. 水质汚浊は観察されなかった. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No water contamination was found. 水质汚浊は観察されなかった. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5c",,"6.5c Written guidelines shall be prepared and implemented to: minimise forest damage during harvesting,",3
,,"伐采时の森林损伤を最小限化するガイドラインが文书化され,実行されなければならない."
"6.5.8",,"6.6.8 There are written policies and procedures to minimise forest damage during harvesting and extraction."
,,"収获と搬出の际の森林へのダメージを最小限に抑える方针と手顺が明记されている."
,"MA",""Operational Guidelines for Harvesting and Extraction", and "Harvesting Specification" for subcontractors were prepared. 伐采 搬出に関する作业基准 や委托业者向けの「伐采に関する仕様书」が作成されている.现场レベルでは森林损伤は観察されなかった. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.9",,"Policies and procedures include the following norms, which are implemented: - Protected areas are physically demarcated, at least temporarily, before any forest operations start on near by land - Harvesting machinery must not enter streams except at designated and designed stream crossings - Lop and top shall not be pushed into streams - Extraction is stopped when soils are saturated - The use of brash mats is specified, where appropriate"
,,"方针と手顺には次の事项が含まれ,実践されている: - 保护区には,その近隣で森林作业が始まる前に,少なくとも一时的に,物理的な线引きがなされる. - 収获机械は,决められた渡り场以外で河川 渓流に进入してはならない. - 小枝と端材は河川 渓流に入れてはならない. - 土壌が流れ出したら搬出は中止する. - 枝叶チップ敷きは适切な场で行う. "
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.10",,"6.6.10 Harvesting techniques are designed to minimise erosion and run off."
,,"収获技术は浸食や土砂崩壊を最低限に抑えるようになっている."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.11",,"6.6.11 Harvesting and extraction methods are designed to minimise damage to residual trees and regeneration."
,,"収获と搬出の方法は,残存木と更新苗へのダメージを最低限に抑えるようになっている."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.12",,"6.6.12 New harvesting and extraction machinery is selected taking into account the need to minimise damage to soils, residual trees and regeneration."
,,"土壌や残存木,更新苗へのダメージを最小限に抑える収获 搬出机械が选ばれている."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.5.13",,"6.5.13 Workers receive appropriate training in harvesting and extraction methods."
,,"従业员は适切な収获と搬出方法の训练を受けている."
,"MA","Qualified persons operate machines. 机械は有资格者が操作している. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6a",,"Management systems shall promote the development and adoption of environmentally friendly non-chemical methods of pest management and strive to avoid the use of chemical pesticides.",3.5
,,"管理システムは,环境に配虑した非化学的な病虫害への対処方法を开発し取り入れていくとともに,化学的农薬の使用を避けるよう努めなければならない."
"6.6.1",,"6.6.1 Documented pest, disease and weed control strategies are available. "
,,"害虫,树病,雑草に対する文书化された管理戦略がある."
,"MA","There are some damage caused by pine wilt disease but those problems are left. In general, use of chemicals to prevent pine sawyers disease is becoming less popular in Japan. "Management Policies for Insect Pests and Animal Damages" was prepared. マツクイムシの被害があるが,放置している. 通常,我が国ではマツクイムシに対する化学的な防除は行わないようになってきている. また, 病害虫 獣害に対する管理方针 が作成されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.2",,"6.6.2 Procedures are in place to record all use of synthetic chemicals by the forest management enterprise Records of chemical use include: a) Name of the product b) Location of the site treated; c) Area of the site treated; d) Method of application; e) Date chemical use started; f) Date chemical use finished; g) Total quantity of the chemical used; "
,,"森林管理主体によるすべての合成化学薬品の使用を记录するための手顺が整备されている.化学品使用记录は以下を含む: a)制品名 b)散布された场所の位置 c)散布された场所の面积 d)散布の方法 e)化学品使用の始まった日时 f)使用の终了した日时 g)合计使用量 "
,,"Note to auditors: record quanitity of all chmeiclas used in the past year together with justification of use."
,"MA","Chemicals are basically not used. But for contingencies, "Procedures for Use of Chemicals and Fuels" was prepared. 化学薬品は使用しないこととしている.また,使用する场合に备えて 化学薬品と燃料の使用手顺 が作成されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","2007: 430 liter of NCR (N-methyl ammonium dithiocarbamate) was used for pine wilt desease of coast forest (excluded from the scope of the certificate). 2007: 海岸林(认证対象外) のマツクイムシ対策にNCR(N-メチルジチオカルバミン酸アンモニウム)を430リットル使用した. ","V"
,"S3","The application of pesticides to coastal forests continues, and they are not covered by certification. 海岸林で农薬の使用を継続しているが认证対象外である. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.3",,"6.6.3 Chemicals are only used when absolutely necessary to achieve defined management aims."
,,"化学薬品は,定められた管理目标を达成するために必要な场合にのみ使用される."
,"MA","Before introducing new chemicals, the purpose of use will be clarified. The amount used will be recorded. 新规使用前に使用目的を明らかにする.使用した场合は使用量を记录することとしている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.4",,"6.6.4 Synthetic chemicals are only used where there is no known non-chemical alternative not entailing excessive cost."
,,"合成化学薬品は,他に非常に高価でない非化学薬品の代替物がない场合にのみ使用される."
,"MA","The use of chemical and non-chemical for pest and disease prevention is not considered. 害虫 病害対策に,化学薬品及び非化学薬品の利用は今后も予定していない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.5",,"6.6.5 A procedure is in place to record the most appropriate non-chemical alternative that was considered and rejected prior to use of the synthetic chemical, together with the justification for use of the chemical rather than the non-chemical alternative."
,,"合成化学薬品の使用の前に考虑され,却下された,最适な非化学薬品の代替物を记录し,同时に非化学薬品の代替物ではなく化学薬品を使用することの正当な理由を记录するための,手顺が整备されている."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.6",,"6.6.6 Chemicals are used only in minimum effective quantities, with strict observation of controls and regulations."
,,"薬品は最小有効量しか使用されず,その管理と规则についてはきびしく监视される."
,"MA","There is no restriction of chemical use. It's free to sell "YASHIMA ANLESS" at the forestry association presently. "YASHIMA ANLESS" previously used, will not be used in the future. 以前使用されていた ヤシマアンレス は今后使用しない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6b",,"World Health Organisation Type 1A and 1B and chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides; pesticides that are persistent, toxic or whose derivatives remain biologically active and accumulate in the food chain beyond their intended use; as well as any pesticides banned by international agreement, shall be prohibited.",4
,,"世界保健机构で规定されているタイプ1A,1B及び塩素系炭化水素农薬(chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides),残留性が高く有毒であるとともに,その诱导物质(derivatives)が生物的に活性化し続け使用目的をはるかに超えて食物连锁の过程で蓄积する农薬,国际条约により禁止されている农薬は,使用が禁止されなければならない."
"6.6.7",,"6.6.7 The use or storage of these chemicals on certified units is prohibited."
,,"认证林地においてこれらの化学薬品を使用または保存することを禁止する."
,"MA","Chemicals will not be used in the future. 今后の化学薬品の使用はない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.8",,"6.6.8 The use or storage of seed and seedling dressings based on mercurial, organophosphate and organochlorine compounds (including Gamma HCH, Lindane and BHC), or other long–lasting chemicals which can accumulate in food chains or the ecosystem is prohibited."
,,"种 苗木に以下の化学薬品を使用または保存することを禁止する:水银系,有机リン系,有机塩素系化合物(Gamma HCH, Lindane, BHCを含む),または他の长期的に残存し食物连锁や生态系に蓄积する化学薬品."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.9",,"6.6.9 Chemicals classified as Highly Hazardous by FSC shall not be used unless derogation has been approved by FSC. See Annex 6 to this standard."
,,"FSCによって高い有害性があると分类された化学物质はFSCによる特别承认がない限り使用してはならない.本规准の付录6を参照."
,"MA"
,"S1"
,"S2"
,"S3","Not applicable 该当しない ","n/a"
,"S4"
"6.6c",,"If chemicals are used, proper equipment and training shall be provided to minimise health and environmental risks.",3
,,"化学物质を使用する际は,健康と环境に及ぼすリスクを最小限に留めるため,适切な设备と训练とが整备されていなければならない."
"6.6.10",,"6.6.10 Training and relevant equipment are provided to all operators."
,,"全ての作业者に适切な机材と训练が施される."
,"MA",""Procedures for Use of Chemicals and Fuels" was prepared, and adequate procedures in case of their use are specified in such document. Although the forestry association will not use chemicals, it does not prohibit sales of chemicals to individuals. However, qualified persons (4 responsible officials for handling poison and deleterious substance) operate its management and sales. Individual use is not surveyed except for in the scope of the certificate. 「化学物质と燃料の使用手顺」が作成され,使用する场合の适切な措置が记载されている. 化学物质は森林组合としては使用しないものの,个人用には贩売を中止していない.ただし,有资格者(毒物剧物取扱责任者 4人)が管理 贩売している. 认证林以外の个人使用に関しては监视をしていない.推奨事项2005.8参照. ","V"
,"S1","2006: Although it has tended to decrease, there is the fertilization by owners. Chemical fertilizer of 2,846kg in total was used in the last year. It is used along the coast mostly, and avoided to be used in river-head area. 2006: 减少倾向ではあるが,所有者による施肥がある.昨年度は合计2,846kgの化学肥料が使用された.海岸沿いがほとんどで,水源地は避けられている. ","V"
,"S2","2007: 2,870kg of chemical fertiliser was sold and used by indivisuals last year. Maruyama No.1 (N:P:K=10:6:5), Marumori 421(20:10:10), and Chikara No.1(6:4:3). They are used to promote growth to cover remains of branch after pruning. 2007: 昨年度は2,870kgの化学肥料が贩売され,个人によって使用された.まるやま1号(N:P:K=10:6:5)とまるもり421(20:10:10),ちから1号(6:4:3).枝打ち后の枝座の巻き込み促进のためにのみ使用されている. ","V"
,"S3","The prefectural forestry conservation project includes the use of chemical fertilizers. Personal uses of them also continue. 県の治山事业では化学肥料の使用が设计に入っている.个人での使用も継続されている. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.11",,"6.6.11 Fuel tanks and stores are located so that spillages from damage, defects or refuelling shall not enter watercourses."
,,"燃料タンクや仓库は,事故や不具合,补给などで河川 渓流に流れ込まないよう配置する."
,"MA","Fuel is kept in out of the forest land. "Procedures for Use of Chemicals and Fuels" also applies. 燃料は林地外で保管している.「化学物质と燃料の使用手顺」も机能する. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.12",,"6.6.12 All equipment for the transport, storage and application of chemicals shall be maintained in a safe and leakproof condition."
,,"薬品の运搬,保管,使用のための机器类は,全て安全で漏れのない状态に保たれる."
,"MA","There is no leak. "Procedures for Use of Chemicals and Fuels"also applies. 漏れはない.「化学物质と燃料の使用手顺」も机能する. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.13",,"6.6.13 Application of chemicals within 10m of watercourses and 30m around reservoirs and lakes is prohibited."
,,"河川 渓流の10m以内と贮水所と湖の30m以内での化学薬品の使用は禁止する."
,"MA","Application near watercourses is prohibited in the "Procedures for Use of Chemicals and Fuels". 「化学物质と燃料の使用手顺」の中で渓流付近の使用を禁止している. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.14",,"6.6.14 Application if heavy rain is expected, during wet weather, on frozen snow–covered ground or ground that has baked dry during a drought is prohibited."
,,"豪雨が予想される时に冬期の冻てついた雪面または乾期で干上がった地面の上での使用は禁止する."
,"MA","Application on frozen snow-covered ground is prohibited in the "Procedures for Use of Chemicals and Fuels" 「化学物质と燃料の使用手顺」の中で冬期の雪面での使用を禁止している. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.6.15",,"6.6.15 Soaking of seedlings treated with chemicals in drains or watercourses prior to planting is prohibited."
,,"植林前に化学薬品で処理された苗木を排水沟や河川 渓流に浸すことは禁止する."
,"MA","Chemical treatment of seedlings is not conducted. It is also prohibited in the above document. 苗木の化学薬品処理は行われていない.また,上记手顺书でも禁止している. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
6.7,,"Chemicals, containers, liquid and solid non-organic wastes including fuel and oil shall be disposed of in an environmentally appropriate manner at off-site locations.",4
,,"化学薬品,容器,燃料や油を含む液体,固体の非有机廃弃物は,环境に配虑した适切な方法で管理地域以外の场所に処理されなければならない."
"6.7.1",,"6.7.1 Off-site locations have been identified for the disposal of chemicals, containers, liquid and solid non-organic waste in an environmentally appropriate manner."
,,"化学薬品や容器,固体 液体の非有机廃物を环境的に适切な方法で廃弃するための林地外の场所が定められている."
,"MA","Waste is disposed appropriately as industrial waste. 廃弃物は产业廃弃物として适切に処理されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.7.2",,"6.7.2 There is a system in place for taking waste to the appropriate locations for disposal."
,,"廃弃物を适切な廃弃场所に持って行くシステムが整备されている."
,"MA","Waste is collected in designated areas, and disposed as industrial waste. 廃弃物は决められた场所に集め,ある程度集まったら产业廃弃物として処理する. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.7.3",,"6.7.3 Disposal does not take place in watercourses or lakes or by burying."
,,"廃弃物を河川 渓流や湖へ投弃したり,林地に埋めない."
,"MA","No inappropriate disposal is found on the site. 现地では不适切な廃弃は确认されなかった. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No inappropriate disposal is found on the site. 现地では不适切な廃弃は确认されなかった. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.7.4",,"6.7.4 There is no evidence of waste left in the forest."
,,"森林内での廃弃物残留は见られない."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S4"
6.8,,"Use of biological control agents shall be documented, minimised, monitored and strictly controlled in accordance with national laws and internationally accepted scientific protocols. Use of genetically modified organisms shall be prohibited.",4
,,"生物的防除を利用する场合は,その方法が文书化されるとともに,その利用は最小限に留められ,モニタリングされなければならないとともに,国内法及び国际的に认められた科学的取り决めに従い厳しく管理されなければならない.なお,遗伝子学的に生命体を変化させることは禁止されなければならない."
"6.8.1",,"6.8.1 There is a procedure in place for the documentation and monitoring of all use of biological control agents."
,,"全ての生物的防除の使用に関する文书化とモニタリングの手顺が整备されている."
,"MA","There is no use of it. 使用していない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.8.2",,"6.8.2 Biological control agents are used only when absolutely necessary to achieve defined management aims as part of integrated pest management system (use of naturally occurring organisms is permitted)."
,,"生物的防除は,统合害虫管理システムの一部として,定められた管理目标を达成するために必要な场合にのみ使用される(自然に発生する生物の使用は许される)."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.8.3",,"6.8.3 There is no use of genetically modified organisms by the forest management enterprise."
,,"森林管理主体による遗伝子组み换え生物の使用はない."
,"MA","There is no use of it. 使用していない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
6.9,,"The use of exotic species shall be carefully controlled and actively monitored to avoid adverse ecological impacts.",4.5
,,"外来种の利用は,生态系への悪影响を避けるため,慎重に管理され,频繁にモニタリングされなければならない."
"6.9.1",,"6.9.1 All use of exotic species is documented and justified."
,,"すべての外来种の使用は文书化され正当な理由付けがされる."
,"MA","Sugi, hinoki, Ate (Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae) and Zelkova are native species. Some exotic grass is planted on a part of forest road slope, but no expansion to the surrounding areas has been observed. スギ,ヒノキ,アテ,ケヤキは在来种である.林道法面に一部外来牧草が使用されているが,周辺への拡大はない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"6.9.2",,"6.9.2 Exotic species used are monitored to evaluate potential adverse ecological impacts."
,,"使用されている外来种は生态系に与える潜在的影响を评価するためモニタリングされている."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Grass of external origin has been visually confirmed at random times. 外来牧草は不定期に目视で确认されている. ","V"
,"S4"
"6.9.3",,"6.9.3 In the event that adverse ecological impacts are identified control actions are implemented."
,,"生态系に対する影响が认められたときには,管理対策が実施されている."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No impact has been observed so far. 现在のところ影响は认められていない. ","V"
,"S4"
6.10,,"Forest conversion to plantations or non-forest land uses shall not occur, except in circumstances where conversion: a) entails a very limited portion of the forest management unit; and b) does not occur on high conservation value forest areas; and c) will enable clear, substantial, additional, secure, long term conservation benefits across the forest management unit.",4.5
,,"森林を他の土地利用へ転换させてはならない.但し,下记の场合を除く: a)森林管理区域のごく限られた范囲で行われかつ, b)保护価値の高い森林区域が対象とならず,かつ c)転换することによって,森林管理区域における明确かつ重大な长期的保护の公益がもたらされる场合."
"6.10.1",,"6.10.1 Forest conversion to plantations or non-forest land uses shall not occur, except in circumstances where conversion: a)entails a very limited portion of the forest management unit; and b)does not occur on high conservation value forest areas; and c)will enable clear, substantial, additional, secure, long-term conservation benefits across the forest management unit."
,,"森林を他の土地利用へ転换させてはならない.但し,下记の场合を除く: a)森林管理区域のごく限られた范囲で行われ,かつ b)保护価値の高い森林区域が対象とならず,かつ c)転换することによって,森林管理区域における明确かつ重大な长期的保护の公益がもたらされる场合"
,"MA","There is no plan to convert to other land utilization. 他の土地利用への転换予定はない. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
7,,"FSC PRINCIPLE #7: MANAGEMENT PLAN A management plan -- appropriate to the scale and intensity of the operations -- shall be written, implemented, and kept up to date. The long term objectives of management, and the means of achieving them, shall be clearly stated. ","3.3 "
,,"FSC原则#7:管理计画 森林において実施される事业の规模と内容に応じた适切な管理计画が文书化され,それに沿って事业が実施され,また,常に更新されること.また,长期的な见地に立った管理目标,目标达成のための手段が明确に提示されること."
"7.1a",,"The management plan and supporting documents shall provide: Management objectives.",4
,,"管理计画及びそれに付随する文书では,管理目的について触れなければならない."
"7.1.1",,"7.1.1 There is a clear statement of the objectives of forest management"
,,"森林管理の目的が明示されている."
,"MA","The objectives of management are described in the management policy (Forest Management Plan p.8 "Management Philosophy"). 管理の目的は管理方针に记载されている.(森林管理计画书p8 経営理念 ) ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1b(i)",,"The management plan and supporting documents shall provide a description of the forest resources to be managed and environmental limitations.",4
,,"管理计画及びそれに付随する文书では,管理対象となる森林资源,环境に関する制限について触れなければならない."
"7.1.2",,"7.1.2 There is a clear description of the area under management control."
,,"管理下にある地区の明确な说明がある."
,"MA","Summary of the region is described in the Forest Management Plan. 森林管理计画书に地域概要记载. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1.3",,"7.1.3 There is a description of the physical aspects of the management area (e.g. topography, soils, geology, and water resources), appropriate to the scale and intensity of the forest and management programme."
,,"管理の规模と强度に相応した,管理区域の外的要素の说明がある(例:地形,土壌,地质,水资源等)."
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1.4",,"7.1.4 There is a clear description of any areas under management control, which are excluded from harvesting, for whatever reasons."
,,"管理下にて,いかなる理由でも収获から除外される地区の明快な说明がある."
,"MA","Conservation zones and protected areas which will be excluded from harvesting, were established. 収获から除外される保全地帯,保护区が设定. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1.5",,"7.1.5 Areas that have been harvested in the past are known, and are marked as such on maps."
,,"过去に収获の行われた地区は认知されていて,地図に明记されている."
,"MA","Areas where village thinning has been conducted in the past 5 years are mapped. 过去5年间に集団间伐を行った地区は地図化されている. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1.6",,"7.1.6 There is an evaluation of the timber resource (inventory), sufficient in detail and rigour to justify the planned harvesting for the full rotation, and to demonstrate convincingly that yields will be permanently sustainable in successive rotations. (see also Criterion 5.6)"
,,"详细かつ伐期を通じた植林计画に忠実な木材资源(目录)の评価があり,以后の収获が永続的に维持できることを说得するものである.(规准5.6も参照)"
,"MA","They have used Forest resister for long time. Volume and growth increment are calculated based on The "Standing Tree Bole Volume Table (for Western Japan)", therefore it needs to update sequentially to be suitable for the object area. Therefore, resource surveys will be conducted during thinning, main harvesting, and in the monitoring plots. See Recommendation 2005.6. 森林簿は以前から使用されている. 立木干材积表(西日本编) を基に材积や成长量が计算されているので,対象地域にあったものに顺次更新することが必要.このため,间伐时,主伐时,またモニタリングプロットで资源调査を行っていく予定.推奨事项2005.6参照. ","V"
,"S1","2006: The stem analysis at thinning was consigned to the forestry research centre and implemented at seven places. The standard plot survey was carried out in one place where clearcut was conducted. Reflection to the harvesting chart will be done in the future. 2006: 间伐时の树干解析を林业试験场に委托して7个所で実施した.また1个所皆伐を行ったところで标准地调査を実施した.収获表への反映はこれから. ","V"
,"S2","2007: The result of stem analysis of trees around 40 years old was examined, and it was confirmed that actual volume is not so different from that on yield table. It is needed to examine tree height and diameter also. It is planned to continue the survey and colllect data. 2007: 40年生前后の木の树干解析结果を分析し,材积については,材积表の値とほぼ変わらないことが确かめられた.树高や胸高直径についても検证が必要.今后も継続して行い,データを蓄积する计画となっている. ","V"
,"S3","A stem analysis of a 111-year-old sugi was conducted. Even after a lapse of over 100 years, the growth of tree height was observed. During a pre-thinning survey, tree heights will also be measured. 111年生のスギを树干解析した.100年后も树高成长の継続を确认した.间伐前调査で树高も测定する计画. ","v"
,"S4"
"7.1b(ii)",,"The management plan and supporting documents shall provide a description of land use and ownership status, socio-economic conditions, and a profile of adjacent lands.",3
,,"管理计画及びその支持文书では,土地利用と所有状况,社会経済的状况,隣接地の概略について触れなければならない."
"7.1.7",,"7 .1.7 There is a description of the land use and ownership status."
,,"土地利用と所有に関する说明がある."
,"MA","There is a document to prove the land ownership, but documents to clarify the use of the forests prior to the Sugi (Cedar) forests were not found. 土地所有に関しては证明ができるが,现在のスギ林以前の土地利用に関する过去の明确な资料が见つからなかった. ","V"
,"S1","2006: Almost all areas excepting a part of forestry area became plantation after World War II. These areas were considered to be used as fuel wood forests before that. It is impossible to find more detailed documents. Because there is no illegal use of land now, this requirement should be considered to be confirmed. 2006: 一部の林业地を除いて,ほとんどが戦后の拡大造林地.その前は薪炭林として利用されていたと考えられる.これ以上の资料の探索は无理があり,现在の土地利用に违反がないことで说明済みとする. ","V"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1.8",,"7.1.8 There is a description of the socio-economic context for management."
,,"管理の社会経済的侧面の记述がある."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","Described in the plan. 计画书に记载されている. ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1.9",,"7.1.9 There is a description of adjacent land use."
,,"隣接する土地の利用に関する记述がある."
,"MA","-"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","The forest map include also outlines of neighbouring forests and lands. 森林地図に,隣接する森林および土地の概要が记されている. ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1c",,"The management plan and supporting documents shall provide a description of the silvicultural and/or other management system, based on the ecology of the forest in question and information gathered through resource inventories",3.5
,,"管理计画及びその支持文书では,当该森林の生态及び自然资源调査により収集された情报に基づく,育林あるいは他の管理システムについて触れなければならない."
"7.1.10",,"7.1.10 The silvicultural system on which management is based is clearly stated and justified in terms of the ecology of the forest."
,,"管理の基础となる施业システムは明确に示され,森林生态的に见ても正しい."
,"MA","There is no danger to ecosystems basically in Japanese standard forestry operation systems such as Planting tree, Weeding, Cleaning, Thinning and Final cutting.Natural plants in the forest have been recovering with group thinning.An original silviculture system was prepared. It can be accredited as a system to maintain and improve the ecosystem. 植林,下刈り,除伐,间伐,主伐という日本の标准的な施业システムは基本的に生态に対し问题はない.现在集団间伐を促进して林内の植物が回复しつつある.また,独自の施业体系作成.これは生态系を维持 向上させるためのシステムとして评価される. ","V",,"ari"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1.11",,"The management prescriptions and procedures required to implement the silvicultural system are clearly stated, as, for example: - identification and marking of trees to be retained for future extraction, as seed sources, or to maintain biodiversity; - selection criteria of trees for felling; - method of marking trees or area selected for felling - method of ensuring regeneration;"
,,"施业システムの実践に必要とされる管理の规定と手顺は明确に示されている.例えば: - 种子源や生物多様性の维持を目的とした树木の识别とマーキング - 伐木の选定の基准- - 选定された伐木 场所のマーキング手法 - 更新を确実にする方法"
,"MA","Same as above. 同上. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","2007: Because intention of forest owners is reflected largely to the method of tree selection, there was a difference of tree selection result between sites. Tree selection method should be re-considered. At first thinning method and thinning rate should be decided based on data of forest composition survey before thinning. See Recommendation 2007.5 2007: 间伐时の选木方法には所有者の意向が大きく反映されるため,场所により选木の结果に大きな违いが见られた.选木方法について再考が必要で,そのために间伐前の森林构造调査の実施等データに基づいた间伐法 间伐率の决定がまず必要.推奨事项2007.5 ","V"
,"S3","The criteria for selecting trees to be thinned have been defined. The criteria are designed to prevent selection of trees from varying depending on who selects them. The trees are select by each working party. When selecting the trees, a proper approach consistent with the type or purpose of work, as well as a preliminary survey on forest stands including accurate measurement of tree height, needs to be considered.See recommendation 2007.5 间伐木选定基准 を作成.谁が选木してもばらつきが大きくならないように基准を作成した.选木は各作业班が実施.选木の际には作业种(目的)に合った方法や,そのために树高を正确に测るなど事前の林分调査などを考虑することが求められる.推奨事项2007.5 ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1d",,"The management plan and supporting documents shall provide rationale for rate of annual harvest and species selection",4
,,"管理计画及びその支持文书では,年间伐采量及び树种选択の理论的根拠について触れなければならない."
"7.1.12",,"7.1.12 The management plan and supporting documents shall provide rationale for rate of annual harvest and species selection."
,,"管理计画及びその支持文书では,年间伐采量及び树种选択の理论的根拠について触れなければならない."
,"MA","A siliviculture system to secure stable yield was established, and a short/medium/long-term yield and regeneration were ensured in the management plan. Its aim is to adjust the existing imbalance of tree age composition, while achieving stable yield in the long-term through mixture of commercial thinning and main harvesting. Calculation of current tree age composition, future yield estimation, and new planting, nursing and harvest volume for such purposes are based on the silviculture system chart and density management chart, and the theoretical background is clear. 管理计画の中で,安定的な収获を得るための施业システムが树立され,短 中 长期の収获と更新を保证している.これは,林齢构成の偏りを是正しながら,利用间伐と主伐を混ぜ合わせて长期间の安定的収获を目指したものである.现在の林齢构成,将来の収获量の设定,そのための新植,保育,伐采量を施业体系図や密度管理図を基に算出しており,その理论的根拠も明らかである. ","V"
,"S1","-"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1e",,"The management plan and supporting documents shall provide provisions for monitoring of forest growth and dynamics.",3
,,"管理计画及びその支持文书では,森林の成长及び动态に関するモニタリングを行うにあたっての规定について触れなければならない."
"7.1.13",,"7.1.13 Procedures for monitoring forest regeneration and growth are documented and implemented."
,,"森林更新と生长に関するモニタリングの手顺は文书化され,実践される."
,"MA","Monitoring system and procedures mainly for continuance of forest resource survey were prepared. As they will be implemented in the future, Recommendation 2005.6 is added. 森林资源调査の継続を主としたモニタリングシステムと手顺が作成されている.実践はこらからとして,推奨事项2005.6を付した. ","V"
,"S1","2006 – Forest Resource Survey will be continued. 2006 -森林资源调査は今后も続く. ","V"
,"S2","-"
,"S3","No change 変更なし ","V"
,"S4"
"7.1f",,"The management plan and supporting documents