Engine-Dynamometer

Table of Contents
1 2 3 Introduction..................................................................................................................1 Description of Buses ....................................................................................................4 Diesel Bus Retrofit Systems and Installation...............................................................8 3.1 Selection & Procurement of Retrofit Systems .....................................................8 3.2 Procurement of Low-Sulfur Diesel Fuel..............................................................9 3.3 Diesel Oxidation Catalysts...................................................................................9 3.3.1 EURO I Bus Installations ............................................................................9 3.3.2 EURO II Bus Installations .........................................................................10 3.4 Partial Flow Diesel Particulate Filters ...............................................................11 3.4.1 EURO I Bus Installations ..........................................................................11 3.4.2 EURO II Bus Installations .........................................................................11 3.5 Wall Flow Diesel Particulate Filters ..................................................................16 4 5 Measurement Equipment for Onboard Particulate Matter (PM) Emissions..............20 Measurement of Emissions ........................................................................................22 5.1 Onboard Measurement Results (First Round – March 2007)............................22 5.1.1 Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOC).............................................................24 5.1.2 Flow-Through Diesel Particulate Filters (FT-DPF)...................................27 5.1.3 Impact of ULSD Fuel - Experiment...........................................................29 5.1.4 Wallflow Diesel Particulate Filters (WF-DPF)..........................................30 5.2 OnBoard Measurement Results (Second Round – October 2007) ....................31 5.2.1 WallFlow DPF (WF-DPF).........................................................................33 5.2.2 Flow-Through DPF (FT-DPF)...................................................................34 5.2.3 Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) ..............................................................37 5.3 Comparison of Engine-Dynamometer Testing to OnBoard Testing .................39 5.4 OnBoard Gaseous Portable Emissions Monitoring System (PEMS) ................40 5.5 Discussion of Particle Mass Distribution and Size Concentration ....................41 5.5.1 First Round of Testing – March 2007........................................................41 5.5.2 Second Round of Testing – October 2007.................................................43 5.6 Summary of OnBoard Particulate Matter Test Results......................................45 6 7 Conclusions and Recommendations ..........................................................................46 Additional Retrofit Projects Supervised by the Beijing Environmental Protection Bureau ........................................................................................................................47

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