第九届汉语词汇语义学研讨会
CLSW9
意符知识系统研究: 「五官类」意符的概念衍生与知识表徵
黄居仁 陈圣怡 杨雅君 中央研究院语言学研究所,台北 摘 要:意符是汉字的构字要件. 《说文解字》 (许慎 121)即以意符作为汉字部首分类的基础.因此,我们相
信《说文》部首能一定程度地反映造字时所表达的基本概念.单一意符所代表的基本概念要如何透过概念衍生 而形成一个完整的知识体系 我们透过实际的分析,并在 Pustejovsky(1995)的「衍生词汇理论」的基础上,发 现汉字部首所表达的知识系统,已经具有和衍生词汇一样强的衍生与知识推导能力.本研究以同属於 SUMO 「躯 体部件」类别下的《说文》意符: 「目,耳,口,鼻,舌」为研究对象;遵循意符代表基本概念这个主张,进一 步将所有从属字与各个基本概念间的关系厘清,以建构由个别基本概念带领的意符知识系统.本文藉由对「五 官类」意符知识系统的分析,比较,发现「五官类」意符在概念衍生结构上,确实具有相似的特性.最后,将 「五官类」意符的概念衍生结构,与目,耳,口等单字词在中文词汇网路(Chinese WordNet)中的现代词义对照, 也进一步地观察到汉字意符的知识结构与其现代词义之间的相关性.
关键词:意符;知本体;汉字;词汇语意
An Ontology of Chinese Radicals: Concept Derivation and Knowledge Representation based on the Semantic Symbols of the Five Sense Faculties
Chu-Ren Huang, Sheng-Yi Chen, Ya-Jun Yang Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, Taipei Abstract: Semantic symbols are essential components of Chinese characters. ShuoWenJieZi (Xyu Shen 121) is organized according to the radical forms as semantic symbols. Characters are classified according radicals, and their meanings cluster around the basic concept of the semantic symbol. Hence, we believe that ShuoWenJieZi radicals can reflect the conventionalized conceptualization when Chinese character orthography was invented. How can the basic concept of one single semantic symbol forms a complete ontology through concept deriving According to our analysis elaborating Generative Lexicon Theory by Pustejovsky (1995), we found that the ontology expressed by Hanzi radicals has already had the strong conceptual derivation and knowledge reasoning ability as described in the Generative Lexicon. In this research, we use the semantic symbols representing five sense faculities in ShuoWenJieZi ,"eyes," "ears," 'mouth," "nose," and "tongue," which all belongs to "body part" class in SUMO concepts as our research objects. In principle we assume that semantic symbols represent basic concepts, and further more we distinguish the relations between derived characters and each basic concept to construct a conventionalized ontology headed by basic concepts expressed by the semantic symbols. According to our analysis and comparison toward the semantic symbol ontology for the Five Sense Faculties, we found that the semantic symbols for the Five Sense Faculties share similar characters in concept generative structure. Finally, we contrast the semantic symbol generative structure for the five sense faculties with the modern meaning senses of these one-character words in the Chinese WordNet. We further observe the semantic relations between Hanzi semantic symbol and their modern counterparts. Key Words: Ontology; HanZi ; Semantic Lexicon

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