《〈新视野大学英语〉》学生词汇自学手册①
史梅 姜华
Unit 1
Section A Learning a Foreign Language
Section B Keys to Successful On Learning
学 习 目 标
一,核心词汇
四级核心词汇:arise, benefit, challenge, charge, commit, commitment, communicate, embarrass, ensure, expand, frustrate, participate, prefer, reflect, reinforce, reward, satisfy, share
六级核心词汇:intimidate reap
二,重要短语:allow for , be well worth sth., become aware of, come across, in addition, keep up with, now that, play a role in
三,疑难句子:Section A和B中的难句释义,译文及句子结构分析
四,阅读技巧1:猜度词义
五,真题测试1:与本课词语和语法项目相关的历年四,六级及考研真题自测.
一,重点词汇
Section A
(一)四级词汇
1. (L1)reward:n. [C,U] ①报答,奖赏;②报酬,酬金③报应 vt. ①给…或为…给予奖赏②使满意或高兴;酬劳
【用法】a ～ for doing sth.因做某事而得到酬金
give a ～ to or for给…或为…给予奖赏
～ sth.酬谢某事
rewarding:值得的,提供或可能提供满意或高兴的
e.g. a) Have you got the reward 你得到酬金了吗
The dictator met a due reward.这个独裁者得到了报应.
b) He was rewarded for his behavior.他的行为获得了奖赏.
c) This is a rewarding job.这是一份有价值的工作.
【词义辨析1】award, reward,prize,bonus
这三个词都可以作名词.award意为"奖,奖品",为可数名词,指对某些突出的成就给与的奖励,其奖品可以是钱或物.reward 意为"酬劳,奖赏",可作为可数名词或不可数名词,通常指对工作,服务的酬劳,帮人找回失物或捉拿罪犯等功劳的奖赏.prize意为"奖金,奖品,奖",其意义几乎与award相同,但语气不如award不正式.bonus意为"奖金",指给雇员的工资以外的一笔钱或相应的东西
e.g. a) The award for this year's best actress went to her.她是今年的最佳女演员得主.
b) He was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature.他被授予最佳诺贝尔文学奖.
c) He has received no reward for his service.他没有因为服务而获得报酬.
d) Those who put in many hours of overtime will receive a percentage of their salary as a bonus.那些付出许多加班时间的人将得到相当于其工资的一部分作为奖金.
【词义辨析2】 award, reward
这两个词都可作为动词.award作为动词时,意为"授予,给予,判给",通常指官方或法院根据有关规定把钱财奖给或判给某人.后面可跟双宾语.reward作为动词时,意为"为(某事)酬劳(某人)",其后一般以人或人的行为作宾语.reward后跟with 用来说明以何物作为报酬.
e.g. a) The university awarded him an honorary degree.这所大学授予他名誉学位.
b) How can I reward your kindness 我如何酬谢你的好意呢
2. (L2)frustrate:vt.①阻碍,挫败 使受挫折 ②使沮丧,使灰心
【用法】 ～ sth.使某事受到阻碍 ～ sb. 是某人沮丧或灰心

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